FORUM MARKETS Inc Income Taxes Disclosure
8. INCOME TAX
The Company's net deferred tax assets are as follows:
| December 31, 2019 | December 31, 2018 | |||||||
| Deferred tax asset | ||||||||
| Organizational costs/Startup expenses | $ | 407,368 | $ | 161,558 | ||||
| Total deferred tax assets | 407,368 | 161,558 | ||||||
| Valuation allowance | (407,368 | ) | (161,558 | ) | ||||
| Deferred tax asset, net of allowance | $ | — | $ | — | ||||
The income tax provision consists of the following:
| Year Ended December 31, 2019 | Year Ended December 31, 2018 | |||||||
| Federal | ||||||||
| Current | $ | 257,255 | $ | 413,191 | ||||
| Deferred | (245,810 | ) | (107,907 | ) | ||||
| State | ||||||||
| Current | — | — | ||||||
| Deferred | — | — | ||||||
| Change in valuation allowance | 245,810 | 107,907 | ||||||
| Income tax provision | $ | 257,255 | $ | 413,191 | ||||
As of December 31, 2019, the Company had no U.S. federal and state net operating loss carryovers ("NOLs") available to offset future taxable income. In accordance with Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code, deductibility of the Company's NOLs may be subject to an annual limitation in the event of a change in control as defined under the regulations.
In assessing the realization of the deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion of all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which temporary differences representing net future deductible amounts become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. After consideration of all of the information available, management believes that significant uncertainty exists with respect to future realization of the deferred tax assets and has therefore established a full valuation allowance. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the change in the valuation allowance was $245,810 and 107,907, respectively.
A reconciliation of the federal income tax rate to the Company's effective tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 is as follows:
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2019 | 2018 | |||||||
| Statutory federal income tax rate | 21.0 | % | 21.0 | % | ||||
| State taxes, net of federal tax benefit | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||
| True-ups | (14.1 | )% | 0.0 | % | ||||
| Change in valuation allowance | 148.1 | % | 7.4 | % | ||||
| Effective income tax rate | 155.0 | % | 28.4 | % | ||||
The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction in various state and local jurisdictions and is subject to examination by the various taxing authorities.
About Income Taxes Disclosures
The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.
Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.