FS KKR Capital CorpFSK
FS KKR Capital Corp Fair Value Disclosure
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Under existing accounting guidance, fair value is defined as the price that the Company would receive upon selling an investment or pay to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction to a market participant in the principal or most advantageous market for the investment. This accounting guidance emphasizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable market inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Inputs refer broadly to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability, including assumptions about risk. Inputs may be observable or unobservable. Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The Company classifies the inputs used to measure these fair values into the following hierarchy as defined by current accounting guidance:
Level 1: Inputs that are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Inputs that are quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets.
Level 3: Inputs that are unobservable for an asset or liability.
A financial instrument’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company’s investments were categorized as follows in the fair value hierarchy:
| Valuation Inputs | December 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||
| Level 1—Price quotations in active markets | $ | 22 | $ | 1 | ||||||||||
| Level 2—Significant other observable inputs | 14 | 91 | ||||||||||||
| Level 3—Significant unobservable inputs | 11,005 | 12,035 | ||||||||||||
Investments measured at net asset value(1) | 1,968 | 1,363 | ||||||||||||
| $ | 13,009 | $ | 13,490 | |||||||||||
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(1)Certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been categorized in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the consolidated balance sheets.
In addition, the Company had foreign currency forward contracts and interest rate swaps, as described in Note 7, which were categorized as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.
The Board of Directors is responsible for overseeing the valuation of the Company’s portfolio investments at fair value as determined in good faith pursuant to the Adviser’s valuation policy. The Board of Directors has designated the Adviser with day-to-day responsibility for implementing the portfolio valuation process set forth in the Adviser’s valuation policy.
The Company’s investments consist primarily of debt investments that were acquired directly from the issuer. Debt investments, for which broker quotes are not available, are valued by independent valuation firms, which determine the fair value of such investments by considering, among other factors, the borrower’s ability to adequately service its debt, prevailing interest rates for like investments, expected cash flows, call features, anticipated repayments and other relevant terms of the investments. Except as described below, all of the Company’s equity/other investments are also valued by independent valuation firms, which determine the fair value of such investments by considering, among other factors, contractual rights ascribed to such investments, as well as various income scenarios and multiples of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA, cash flows, net income, revenues or, in limited instances, book value or liquidation value. An investment that is newly issued and purchased near the date of the financial statements is valued at cost if the Adviser determines that the cost of such investment is the best indication of its fair value. Such investments described above are typically classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. Investments that are traded on an active public market are valued at their closing price as of the date of the financial statements and are classified as Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy. Except as described above, the Adviser typically values the Company’s other investments by using the midpoint of the prevailing bid and ask prices from dealers on the date of the relevant period end, which are provided by independent third-party pricing services and screened for validity by such services and are typically classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy.
The Adviser periodically benchmarks the bid and ask prices it receives from the third-party pricing services and/or dealers and independent valuation firms, as applicable, against the actual prices at which the Company purchases and sells its investments. Based on the results of the benchmark analysis and the experience of the Company’s management in purchasing and selling these investments, the Adviser believes that these prices are reliable indicators of fair value. The Adviser reviewed and approved the valuation determinations made with respect to these investments in a manner consistent with the Adviser’s valuation policy.
The following is a reconciliation for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 of investments for which significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) were used in determining fair value:
| For the Year Ended December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior Secured Loans—First Lien | Senior Secured Loans—Second Lien | Other Senior Secured Debt | Subordinated Debt | Asset Based Finance | Equity/Other | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair value at beginning of period | $ | 7,780 | $ | 693 | $ | 46 | $ | 233 | $ | 2,102 | $ | 1,181 | $ | 12,035 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accretion of discount (amortization of premium) | 28 | 5 | — | 2 | 1 | 3 | 39 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net realized gain (loss) | (211) | (6) | (8) | (7) | 4 | (117) | (345) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) | (96) | (63) | (3) | (14) | (7) | 26 | (157) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchases | 4,157 | — | 47 | 147 | 889 | 354 | 5,594 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Paid-in-kind interest | 110 | 1 | 3 | 9 | 40 | 70 | 233 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales and repayments | (4,256) | (92) | (33) | (244) | (1,335) | (434) | (6,394) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transfers into Level 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transfers out of Level 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair value at end of period | $ | 7,512 | $ | 538 | $ | 52 | $ | 126 | $ | 1,694 | $ | 1,083 | $ | 11,005 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The amount of total gains or losses for the period included in changes in net assets attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to investments still held at the reporting date | $ | (185) | $ | (71) | $ | (7) | $ | (21) | $ | 1 | $ | (33) | $ | (316) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| For the Year Ended December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior Secured Loans—First Lien | Senior Secured Loans—Second Lien | Other Senior Secured Debt | Subordinated Debt | Asset Based Finance | Equity/Other | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair value at beginning of period | $ | 8,429 | $ | 1,090 | $ | 21 | $ | 322 | $ | 2,077 | $ | 1,134 | $ | 13,073 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accretion of discount (amortization of premium) | 44 | 8 | — | 2 | 2 | 3 | 59 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net realized gain (loss) | (308) | (107) | (3) | — | (11) | (41) | (470) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) | 136 | 71 | 1 | 4 | 30 | (15) | 227 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchases | 3,859 | 56 | 25 | 30 | 1,046 | 83 | 5,099 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Paid-in-kind interest | 100 | 2 | 2 | 23 | 15 | 150 | 292 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales and repayments | (4,488) | (427) | — | (148) | (1,057) | (133) | (6,253) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transfers into Level 3 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transfers out of Level 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair value at end of period | $ | 7,780 | $ | 693 | $ | 46 | $ | 233 | $ | 2,102 | $ | 1,181 | $ | 12,035 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The amount of total gains or losses for the period included in changes in net assets attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to investments still held at the reporting date | $ | (32) | $ | (23) | $ | (1) | $ | 2 | $ | (41) | $ | (59) | $ | (154) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used in recurring Level 3 fair value measurements as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:
| Type of Investment | Fair Value at December 31, 2025 | Valuation Technique(1) | Unobservable Input | Range | Impact to Valuation from an Increase in Input(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior Debt | $ | 6,500 | Discounted Cash Flow | Discount Rate | 4.6% - 24.9% (10.4%) | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1,400 | Waterfall | EBITDA Multiple | 0.8x - 15.1x (9.5x) | Increase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 202 | Cost | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subordinated Debt | 112 | Discounted Cash Flow | Discount Rate | 9.9% - 15.1% (12.4%) | Decrease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 14 | Waterfall | EBITDA Multiple | 2.8x - 15.1x (7.9x) | Increase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset Based Finance | 1,103 | Discounted Cash Flow | Discount Rate | 4.7% - 43.7% (12.6%) | Decrease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 429 | Waterfall | EBITDA Multiple | 1.0x - 1.3x (1.1x) | Increase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Illiquidity Discount | 10.0% - 10.0% (10.0%) | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 112 | Other(3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 49 | Cost | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | Indicative Dealer Quotes | 6.9% - 6.9% (6.9%) | Increase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity/Other | 607 | Waterfall | EBITDA Multiple | 4.5x - 25.5x (9.9x) | Increase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Illiquidity Discount | 10.0% - 15.0% (11.2%) | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 457 | Discounted Cash Flow | Discount Rate | 3.8% - 20.1% (12.1%) | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 19 | Other(3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 11,005 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Type of Investment | Fair Value at December 31, 2024 | Valuation Technique(1) | Unobservable Input | Range | Impact to Valuation from an Increase in Input(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior Debt | $ | 7,115 | Discounted Cash Flow | Discount Rate | 5.8% - 23.8% (10.6%) | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1,376 | Waterfall | EBITDA Multiple | 0.7x - 11.3x (8.6x) | Increase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 14 | Other(3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 14 | Cost | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subordinated Debt | 188 | Discounted Cash Flow | Discount Rate | 11.3% - 15.4% (12.7%) | Decrease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 33 | Waterfall | EBITDA Multiple | 7.0x - 7.0x (7.0x) | Increase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 12 | Other(3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset Based Finance | 1,513 | Discounted Cash Flow | Discount Rate | 4.8% - 41.7% (12.8%) | Decrease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 516 | Waterfall | EBITDA Multiple | 1.0x - 1.4x (1.2x) | Increase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 41 | Cost | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 30 | Other(3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 | Indicative Dealer Quotes | 23.0% - 23.0% (23.0%) | Increase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity/Other | 625 | Waterfall | EBITDA Multiple | 0.7x - 16.0x (8.3x) | Increase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 538 | Discounted Cash Flow | Discount Rate | 4.3% - 24.8% (14.3%) | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 18 | Other(3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 12,035 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(1)Investments using a market quotes valuation technique were primarily valued by using the midpoint of the prevailing bid and ask prices from dealers on the date of the relevant period end, which were provided by independent third-party pricing services and screened for validity by such services. Investments valued using an EBITDA multiple or a revenue multiple pursuant to the market comparables valuation technique may be conducted using an enterprise valuation waterfall analysis.
(2)Represents the directional change in the fair value of the Level 3 investments that would result from an increase to the corresponding unobservable input. A decrease to the input would have the opposite effect. Significant changes in these inputs in isolation could result in significantly higher or lower fair value measurements.
(3)Fair value based on expected outcome of proposed corporate transactions and/or other factors.
Historical Timeline
| Fiscal Year | Filed | |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Feb 25, 2026 | Showing above |
| 2024 | Feb 26, 2025 | |
| 2023 | Feb 26, 2024 | |
| 2022 | Feb 27, 2023 | |
About Fair Value Disclosures
Fair value disclosures classify all assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy: Level 1 (quoted market prices), Level 2 (observable inputs like yield curves), and Level 3 (unobservable inputs requiring management estimates). The proportion of Level 3 assets directly reflects how much of the balance sheet depends on internal models rather than market evidence.
Key signals: a growing Level 3 balance relative to total fair-value assets increases valuation uncertainty and earnings volatility risk. Watch for transfers between levels — assets moving from Level 2 to Level 3 often signal deteriorating market liquidity. Unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 positions flow through earnings or other comprehensive income, so large swings deserve scrutiny. For financial institutions, examine the sensitivity disclosures that show how Level 3 valuations change under alternative assumptions. Compare the fair value of debt against its carrying amount to gauge hidden leverage.