Note 3 – Revenue Recognition

Contract balances

Contract assets primarily consist of work completed for railcar maintenance but not billed at the reporting date. Contract liabilities primarily consist of customer prepayments for new railcars and other management-type services, for which the Company has not yet satisfied the related performance obligations.

The opening and closing balances of the Company’s contract balances are as follows:

(In millions)

 

Balance sheet classification

 

August 31, 2025

 

 

August 31, 2024

 

 

$ change

 

Contract assets

 

Accounts receivable, net

 

$

5.9

 

 

$

6.7

 

 

$

(0.8

)

Contract assets

 

Inventories

 

$

9.4

 

 

$

10.8

 

 

$

(1.4

)

Contract liabilities 1

 

Deferred revenue

 

$

40.1

 

 

$

54.6

 

 

$

(14.5

)

1 Contract liabilities balance includes deferred revenue within the scope of Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).

For the years ended August 31, 2025 and 2024 the Company recognized $39.9 million and $22.9 million of revenue, respectively, that was included in Contract liabilities as of August 31, 2024 and 2023.

Performance obligations

As of August 31, 2025, the Company has entered into contracts with customers for which revenue has not yet been recognized. The following table outlines estimated transaction prices related to performance obligations wholly or partially unsatisfied, that the Company anticipates will be recognized in future periods.

(In millions)

 

August 31, 2025

 

Revenue type:

 

 

 

Manufacturing – Railcar sales

 

$

1,448.7

 

Manufacturing – Railcar maintenance

 

$

55.3

 

Fleet management

 

$

131.8

 

Based on current production and delivery schedules and existing contracts, approximately $1.0 billion of the Manufacturing – Railcar sales amount is expected to be recognized in 2026 while the remaining amount is expected to be recognized in 2027 and beyond. Manufacturing – Railcar maintenance performance obligations are expected to be recognized in 2026. Fleet management includes management and maintenance services contracts of which approximately $84.3 million is expected to be recognized through 2030 and the remaining amount through 2037.

The following table presents the Company's revenue disaggregated by category:

 

 

For the Year Ended August 31,

 

(In millions)

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Manufacturing:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Railcar sales

 

$

2,606.6

 

 

$

2,952.7

 

 

$

3,341.4

 

Railcar maintenance

 

 

384.6

 

 

 

359.7

 

 

 

422.7

 

 

 

 

2,991.2

 

 

 

3,312.4

 

 

 

3,764.1

 

Leasing & Fleet Management

 

 

249.0

 

 

 

232.3

 

 

 

179.9

 

Total Revenue

 

$

3,240.2

 

 

$

3,544.7

 

 

$

3,944.0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Oct 28, 2025Showing above
2024Oct 24, 2024
2023Oct 25, 2023
2022Oct 31, 2022
2021Oct 26, 2021
2020Oct 28, 2020
2019Oct 29, 2019

About Revenue Disclosures

Revenue disclosures under ASC 606 explain how a company identifies performance obligations, allocates transaction prices, and determines when revenue is recognized. This section is essential for understanding whether reported revenue reflects genuine economic activity or aggressive accounting choices. Analysts examine the mix of point-in-time versus over-time recognition, which directly affects revenue timing and comparability.

Key signals: rising contract liabilities (deferred revenue) suggest strong future revenue visibility, while declining contract assets may indicate slowing project milestones. Watch for variable consideration estimates — rebates, returns, and performance bonuses that require management judgment. Significant changes in disaggregated revenue by geography or product line can reveal shifting business mix before it appears in headline numbers. Compare revenue growth against contract liability growth to assess sustainability, and scrutinize any changes in the timing of recognition that coincide with earnings pressure.