4. Fair Value Measurements

The Company determines the fair value of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities using the fair value hierarchy which establishes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value, as follows:

Level 1—Observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2—Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and

Level 3—Unobservable inputs which reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Consideration is given to the risk inherent in the valuation technique and the risk inherent in the inputs to the model.

In determining fair value, the Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible as well as considers counterparty credit risk in its assessment of fair value.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires management to make judgments and consider factors specific to the asset or liability.

The following tables present information about the Company’s financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and indicates the level of the fair value hierarchy utilized to determine such fair values (in thousands):

DECEMBER 31, 

 

2025

2024

  ​ ​ ​

LEVEL 1

  ​ ​ ​

LEVEL 2

  ​ ​ ​

LEVEL 3

  ​ ​ ​

TOTAL

  ​ ​ ​

LEVEL 1

  ​ ​ ​

LEVEL 2

  ​ ​ ​

LEVEL 3

  ​ ​ ​

TOTAL

Money market funds

$

795,089

$

$

   —

$

795,089

$

161,328

$

$

   —

$

161,328

U.S. government bonds

385,392

385,392

263,015

263,015

U.S. government agency bonds

24,941

24,941

46,957

46,957

Corporate debt securities

 

 

236,241

 

 

236,241

 

 

404,036

 

 

404,036

Total fair value of financial assets

$

1,180,481

$

261,182

$

$

1,441,663

$

424,343

$

450,993

$

$

875,336

DECEMBER 31, 

 

2025

 

2024

  ​ ​ ​

AMORTIZED

  ​ ​ ​

UNREALIZED

  ​ ​ ​

FAIR

  ​ ​ ​

AMORTIZED

  ​ ​ ​

UNREALIZED

  ​ ​ ​

FAIR

 

COST

LOSSES

  ​ ​ ​

GAINS

 

VALUE

 

COST

LOSSES

  ​ ​ ​

GAINS

 

VALUE

Money market funds

$

795,089

$

$

   —

$

795,089

$

161,328

$

$

   —

$

161,328

U.S. government bonds

384,571

(1)

822

385,392

262,316

(48)

747

263,015

U.S. government agency bonds

24,922

19

24,941

46,890

(11)

78

46,957

Corporate debt securities

 

236,027

(16)

230

 

236,241

 

403,888

(368)

516

 

404,036

Total fair value of financial assets

$

1,440,609

$

(17)

$

1,071

$

1,441,663

$

874,422

$

(427)

$

1,341

$

875,336

As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company did not have any liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. There were no transfers in and out of Level 3 during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023. Contractual maturities of short-term investments are generally not more than one year. As of December 31, 2025, the remaining contractual maturities of $541.1 million of investments were within one year and $105.5 million of investments were after one year through two years. The Company has classified these securities as short-term investments on its consolidated balance sheets as they are available for use in the current operations.

The unrealized losses for marketable securities related to changes in interest rates and the Company has the intent and ability to hold the underlying securities until the estimated date of recovery of its amortized cost. No

allowance for credit losses was recorded at either December 31, 2025 or 2024, and no impairment losses were recognized for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023.

Money market funds and U.S. government bonds are included within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued using quoted market prices. Corporate debt securities and U.S. government agency bonds are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy as they take into consideration valuations obtained from third-party pricing services. The pricing services utilize industry standard valuation models, including both income-based and market-based approaches, for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly, to estimate the fair value. These inputs include reported trades of and broker/dealer quotes on similar securities, issuer credit spreads, benchmark securities, prepayment/default projections based on historical data and other observable inputs.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 26, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 27, 2025
2023Mar 8, 2024

About Fair Value Disclosures

Fair value disclosures classify all assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy: Level 1 (quoted market prices), Level 2 (observable inputs like yield curves), and Level 3 (unobservable inputs requiring management estimates). The proportion of Level 3 assets directly reflects how much of the balance sheet depends on internal models rather than market evidence.

Key signals: a growing Level 3 balance relative to total fair-value assets increases valuation uncertainty and earnings volatility risk. Watch for transfers between levels — assets moving from Level 2 to Level 3 often signal deteriorating market liquidity. Unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 positions flow through earnings or other comprehensive income, so large swings deserve scrutiny. For financial institutions, examine the sensitivity disclosures that show how Level 3 valuations change under alternative assumptions. Compare the fair value of debt against its carrying amount to gauge hidden leverage.