12. Earnings per Share

Prior to the Separation, GXO employees participated in XPO’s equity incentive plan, pursuant to which they were granted restricted stock units, performance-based restricted stock units and non-qualified or incentive stock options. All awards granted under these plans were related to XPO common shares. In connection with the Separation, outstanding awards held by GXO employees were converted in accordance with the EMA. Depending on whether the awards held on the Separation date were in an unvested or vested status, GXO employees either received converted awards solely in GXO based shares (unvested status) or a combination of GXO and XPO shares (vested status). The conversion methodology used was calculated in accordance with the EMA and with the purpose of maintaining the aggregate intrinsic value of the award immediately after the Separation when compared to the aggregate intrinsic value immediately prior to the Separation.

On August 2, 2021, the date of the Separation, 114,626,250 shares of common stock of GXO were distributed to XPO stockholders of record as of the record date. This share amount is utilized for the calculation of basic and
diluted earnings per share for all years presented prior to the Separation. For years prior to the Separation, it is assumed that there are no dilutive equity instruments as there were no equity awards of GXO outstanding prior to the Separation.

Diluted earnings per share was computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive stock awards that were outstanding. The computation of diluted earnings per share excludes the effect of the potential exercise of stock-based awards when the effect of the potential exercise would be anti-dilutive.

The computations of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
(Dollars in millions, shares in thousands, except per share amounts)
202220212020
Net income (loss) attributable to common shares$197 $153 $(31)
Basic weighted-average common shares117,050 114,632 114,626 
Diluted effect of stock-based awards 566 965 — 
Diluted weighted-average common shares117,616 115,597 114,626 
Basic earnings (loss) per share$1.68 $1.33 $(0.27)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share$1.67 $1.32 $(0.27)
Antidilutive shares excluded from diluted weighted-average common shares
2,049 88 — 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2022Feb 16, 2023Showing above
2021Feb 17, 2022

About Earnings Per Share Disclosures

The earnings per share disclosure breaks down the calculation from net income to both basic and diluted EPS, revealing the full impact of a company's capital structure on per-share economics. The reconciliation between basic and diluted share counts exposes how many stock options, RSUs, convertible securities, and warrants are potentially dilutive to existing shareholders.

Key signals: a widening gap between basic and diluted shares indicates growing dilution from equity compensation or convertible instruments. Anti-dilutive securities excluded from the diluted calculation deserve attention — they represent latent dilution that will materialize if the stock price rises. Watch for the effect of share buybacks on per-share metrics: EPS growth driven primarily by repurchases rather than income growth signals weakening fundamentals. Compare year-over-year changes in the diluted share count against equity compensation expense to assess whether management is effectively managing dilution.