Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities
Our financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, mortgage notes payable, accounts payable and interest rate caps. We remeasure our interest rate caps at fair value on a quarterly basis. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the fair value of our other financial instruments approximated their carrying values in our consolidated financial statements due to their short term nature or floating interest rates, except for our fixed rate mortgage notes payable.
Our fixed rate mortgage notes payable had an aggregate carrying value of $2,793,219 and $1,665,649 as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and a fair value of $2,784,286 and $1,535,640 as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. We estimate the fair value of our fixed rate mortgage notes payable using significant unobservable inputs, including discounted cash flow analyses and prevailing market interest rates.
The table below presents certain of our assets measured on a recurring and nonrecurring basis at fair value as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, categorized by the level of inputs, as defined in the fair value hierarchy under GAAP, used in the valuation of each asset:
Quoted Prices inSignificant OtherSignificant
Active Markets forObservableUnobservable
Identical AssetsInputsInputs
 Total(Level 1)(Level 2)(Level 3)
As of December 31, 2025
Recurring:
Investment in unconsolidated joint venture$132,753 $— $— $132,753 
Interest rate cap$1,629 $— $1,629 $— 
As of December 31, 2024
Recurring:
Investment in unconsolidated joint venture$116,732 $— $— $116,732 
Interest rate caps$16,916 $— $16,916 $— 

The fair value of our investment in the unconsolidated joint venture is determined by applying our ownership percentage to the net asset value of the entity. The net asset value of the unconsolidated joint venture uses similar estimation techniques as those used for consolidated real estate properties, including discounting expected future cash flows of the underlying real estate investments based on prevailing market rents over a holding period and including an exit capitalization rate to determine the final year of cash flows.
The fair values of our interest rate cap derivatives are based on prevailing market prices in secondary markets for similar derivative contracts as of the measurement date.
The discount rates, exit capitalization rates and holding periods used to determine the fair value of our investment in the unconsolidated joint venture are significant unobservable inputs and are shown in the table below:
Exit
ValuationDiscountCapitalizationHolding
TechniqueRatesRatesPeriods
As of December 31, 2025
Investment in unconsolidated joint venture Discounted cash flow
6.50% - 8.00%
5.75% - 6.25%
10 - 11 years
As of December 31, 2024
Investment in unconsolidated joint ventureDiscounted cash flow
6.25% - 8.25%
5.25% - 6.50%
10 - 12 years
The table below presents a summary of the changes in fair value for our investment in the unconsolidated joint venture:
Year Ended December 31,
 20252024
Beginning balance$116,732 $115,360 
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated joint venture19,981 5,332 
Distributions from unconsolidated joint venture(3,960)(3,960)
Ending balance$132,753 $116,732 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 18, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 19, 2025
2023Feb 20, 2024
2022Feb 14, 2023
2021Feb 15, 2022
2020Feb 18, 2021

About Fair Value Disclosures

Fair value disclosures classify all assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy: Level 1 (quoted market prices), Level 2 (observable inputs like yield curves), and Level 3 (unobservable inputs requiring management estimates). The proportion of Level 3 assets directly reflects how much of the balance sheet depends on internal models rather than market evidence.

Key signals: a growing Level 3 balance relative to total fair-value assets increases valuation uncertainty and earnings volatility risk. Watch for transfers between levels — assets moving from Level 2 to Level 3 often signal deteriorating market liquidity. Unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 positions flow through earnings or other comprehensive income, so large swings deserve scrutiny. For financial institutions, examine the sensitivity disclosures that show how Level 3 valuations change under alternative assumptions. Compare the fair value of debt against its carrying amount to gauge hidden leverage.