COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
From time to time, we are involved in litigation, claims, government inquiries, investigations and proceedings, including but not limited to those relating to environmental exposures, intellectual property matters, personal injury claims, product liabilities, regulatory matters, commercial and government contract issues, employment and employee benefit matters, commercial or contractual disputes, and securities matters.
Although the ultimate outcome of any legal matter cannot be predicted with certainty, based on present information including our assessment of the merits of the particular claim, as well as our current reserves and insurance coverage, we do not expect that such legal proceedings will have any material adverse impact on our financial statements, unless otherwise noted below. However, there can be no assurance that an adverse outcome in any of the proceedings described below will not result in material fines, penalties or damages, changes to the Company's business practices, loss of (or litigation with) customers or a material adverse effect on our financial statements.
Environmental Matters
In the ordinary course of business, we are subject to federal, state, local, and foreign environmental laws and regulations. We are responsible, or are alleged to be responsible, for ongoing environmental investigation and site remediation primarily related to former ITT businesses and former operating locations. These sites are in various stages of investigation and/or remediation under oversight of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and similar state environmental agencies with one non-U.S. matter under oversight of Italian environmental authorities.
Accruals for environmental matters are recorded on a site-by-site basis when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated. The following table provides a summary of the estimated aggregated environmental liability based on currently available and known information.
20252024
Balance as of January 1
$54.9 $56.0 
Changes in estimates for pre-existing accruals:
Continuing operations2.3 2.2 
Discontinued operations
2.5 0.4 
Accruals added during the period for new matters0.5 — 
Cash payments(4.4)(3.6)
Foreign currency0.3 (0.1)
Balance as of December 31$56.1 $54.9 
Environmental-related assets, including estimated recoveries from insurance providers and other third parties, were $10.3 and $8.1 as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
The following table illustrates the reasonably possible high range of estimated liability and number of active sites for environmental matters.
As of December 3120252024
High-end estimate of environmental liability $97.3 $95.9 
Number of open environmental sites
26 26 
As actual costs incurred at identified sites in future periods may vary from our current estimates given the inherent uncertainties in evaluating environmental exposures, management believes it is possible that the outcome of these uncertainties may have a material adverse effect on our financial statements.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 9, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 10, 2025
2023Feb 12, 2024
2022Feb 15, 2023
2019Feb 21, 2020
2018Feb 22, 2019
2017Feb 16, 2018
2016Feb 17, 2017
2015Feb 22, 2016

About Commitments Disclosures

Commitments and contingencies disclosures catalog a company's off-balance-sheet obligations and legal exposures — purchase commitments, guarantee arrangements, pending litigation, and regulatory proceedings. These items represent potential future cash outflows that may not appear as liabilities on the balance sheet until they become probable and estimable.

Key signals: litigation reserves and disclosed loss ranges quantify management's estimate of legal exposure, but unquantified "reasonably possible" losses often represent the larger risk. Watch for changes in language around pending cases — shifts from "remote" to "reasonably possible" or increases in estimated loss ranges signal deteriorating outcomes. Unconditional purchase obligations and take-or-pay contracts create fixed cost structures that reduce operational flexibility. Guarantee arrangements for subsidiaries or joint ventures can create cascading obligations. Compare the total commitment schedule against projected free cash flow to assess whether the company can meet its obligations without additional financing.