KRONOS WORLDWIDE INC Commitments Disclosure

Note 15 – Commitments and contingencies:

Environmental matters – Our operations are governed by various environmental laws and regulations. Certain of our operations are and have been engaged in the handling, manufacture or use of substances or compounds that may be considered toxic or hazardous within the meaning of applicable environmental laws and regulations. As with other companies engaged in similar businesses, certain of our past and current operations and products have the potential to cause environmental or other damage. We have implemented and continue to implement various policies and programs in an effort to minimize these risks. Our policy is to maintain compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations at all of our facilities and to strive to improve our environmental performance and overall sustainability. Periodically we voluntarily publish on our website an Environmental Social Governance (“ESG”) Report, which describes our policies and programs in the area of ESG, including environmental compliance. From time to time, we may be subject to environmental regulatory enforcement under U.S. and non-U.S. statutes, the resolution of which typically involves the establishment or enhancement of compliance programs. It is possible that future developments, such as stricter requirements of environmental laws and enforcement policies, could adversely affect our production, handling, use, storage, transportation, sale or disposal of such substances. We believe all our manufacturing facilities are in substantial compliance with applicable environmental laws.

Litigation matters – We are involved in various environmental, contractual, product liability, patent (or intellectual property), employment and other claims and disputes incidental to our business. At least quarterly our management discusses and evaluates the status of any pending litigation to which we are a party. The factors considered in such evaluation include, among other things, the nature of such pending cases, the status of such pending cases, the advice of legal counsel and our experience in similar cases (if any). Based on such evaluation, we make a determination as to whether we believe (i) it is probable a loss has been incurred, and if so if the amount of such loss (or a range of loss) is reasonably estimable, or (ii) it is reasonably possible but not probable a loss has been incurred, and if so if the amount of such loss (or a range of loss) is reasonably estimable, or (iii) the probability a loss has been incurred is remote. We have not accrued any amounts for litigation matters because it is not reasonably possible we have incurred a loss that would be material to our Consolidated Financial Statements, results of operations or liquidity.

Concentrations of credit risk – Sales of TiO₂ accounted for 90% of our net sales in each of 2023, 2024 and 2025. The remaining sales result from the sale of ilmenite ore (a raw material used in the sulfate pigment production process), and the manufacture and sale of iron-based water treatment chemicals and certain titanium chemical products (derived from co-products of the TiO₂ production processes). TiO₂ is generally sold to the paint, plastics and paper industries. Such markets are generally considered “quality-of-life” markets whose demand for TiO₂ is influenced by the relative economic well-being of the various geographic regions. We sell TiO₂ to approximately 3,000 customers, with the top ten customers approximating 35% in 2023, 39% in 2024 and 35% in 2025 of net sales. One customer accounted for approximately 12% of our net sales in 2023 and 10% of our net sales in 2024. We did not have sales to a single customer representing 10% or more of net sales in 2025.

The table below shows the approximate percentage of our TiO₂ sales by volume for our significant markets, Europe and North America, for the last three years.

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Long-term contracts – We have various agreements that contractually and unconditionally commit us to pay certain amounts in the future. Under these agreements, we have obligations of approximately $133 million at December 31, 2025 (including approximately $108 million committed to be purchased in 2026) which consist of open purchase orders and contractual obligations, primarily commitments to purchase raw materials and services.