Intangible Assets and Goodwill
As of December 28, 2025 and December 29, 2024, the gross and net amounts of intangible assets were:
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| | | | | | December 28, 2025 | | December 29, 2024 |
| (Dollars in Millions) | | | | | | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization | | Net Carrying Amount | | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization | | Net Carrying Amount |
| Definite-lived intangible assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Patents and trademarks | | | | | | $ | 4,406 | | | $ | (2,054) | | | $ | 2,352 | | | $ | 4,110 | | | $ | (1,780) | | | $ | 2,330 | |
| Customer relationships | | | | | | 2,049 | | | (1,178) | | | 871 | | | 1,933 | | (1,074) | | 859 | |
Other intangibles(1) | | | | | | 1,329 | | | (760) | | | 569 | | | 1,276 | | (694) | | 582 | |
| Total definite-lived intangible assets | | | | | | $ | 7,784 | | | $ | (3,992) | | | $ | 3,792 | | | $ | 7,319 | | | $ | (3,548) | | | $ | 3,771 | |
| Indefinite-lived intangible assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Trademarks | | | | | | $ | 4,840 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 4,840 | | | $ | 4,648 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 4,648 | |
| Other | | | | | | 62 | | | — | | | 62 | | | 55 | | — | | | 55 | |
| Total intangible assets, net | | | | | | $ | 12,686 | | | $ | (3,992) | | | $ | 8,694 | | | $ | 12,022 | | | $ | (3,548) | | | $ | 8,474 | |
(1) The majority of the other intangible assets balance relates to the acquisition of Pfizer Consumer Health in 2006.
Gross carrying amount changes for the fiscal twelve months ended December 28, 2025 were driven by the impact of currency translations, as well as the impact of a $23 million intangible asset impairment related to the ORSL® trade name following regulatory changes in India.
For the fiscal twelve months ended December 29, 2024, the Company recognized $479 million in intangible asset impairments, of which $463 million related to impairment charges recognized in relation to Dr.Ci:Labo® definite-lived intangible assets, including trademarks and other intangibles, as described in Note 1, “Description of the Company and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies—Impairment of Long-Lived Assets.”
No intangible asset impairments were recognized for the fiscal twelve months ended December 31, 2023.
Amortization expense for the Company’s amortizable assets, which is included in Cost of sales, was $257 million, $269 million, and $322 million for the fiscal twelve months ended December 28, 2025, December 29, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively.
The schedule of amortization expense for the five succeeding fiscal years is as follows:
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| | | | | | (Dollars in Millions) | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | 2026 | | 2027 | | 2028 | | 2029 | | 2030 |
| | | | | | $ | 260 | | | $ | 252 | | | $ | 252 | | | $ | 248 | | | $ | 245 | |
The following table summarizes the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reportable business segment during the fiscal twelve months ended December 28, 2025 and December 29, 2024:
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(Dollars in Millions) | | | | | | Self Care | | Skin Health and Beauty | | Essential Health | | Total Goodwill(1) |
| December 31, 2023 | | | | | | $ | 5,308 | | | $ | 2,315 | | | $ | 1,648 | | | $ | 9,271 | |
Currency translation | | | | | | (254) | | | (130) | | | (44) | | | (428) | |
| December 29, 2024 | | | | | | 5,054 | | | 2,185 | | | 1,604 | | | 8,843 | |
| Currency translation | | | | | | 508 | | | 78 | | | 80 | | | 666 | |
| December 28, 2025 | | | | | | $ | 5,562 | | | $ | 2,263 | | | $ | 1,684 | | | $ | 9,509 | |
(1) The majority of the Goodwill balance relates to the acquisition of Pfizer Consumer Health in 2006.
The fair value of a reporting unit refers to the price that would be received to sell the unit as a whole in an orderly transaction between market participants. The Company estimates the fair value of a reporting unit using a combination of a discounted cash flow model and a market-based approach. The discounted cash flow model relies on assumptions regarding revenue and net income growth rates, projected working capital needs, capital expenditures, and discount rates. Forecasted cash flows are developed using long-term growth rates and then discounted to present value to estimate the fair value. The discount rate the Company uses represents the estimated weighted-average cost of capital, which reflects the overall level of inherent risk involved in the reporting unit’s operations and the rate of return a market participant would expect to earn. Under the market-based approach, the Company utilizes the guideline public company method and market transaction method. These methods utilize valuation multiples derived from comparable publicly traded companies and relevant industry transactions, which are then applied to the reporting unit’s operating performance metrics.
To forecast a reporting unit’s cash flows, the Company takes into consideration economic conditions and trends, estimated future operating results, management’s projections, a market participant’s view of growth rates and product lives, and anticipated future economic conditions. Revenue growth rates inherent in these forecasts are based on input from internal and external market research that compare factors such as growth in global economies, recent industry trends, and product lifecycles. Macroeconomic factors such as changes in global economies, changes in the competitive landscape, changes in government legislation, product lifecycles, industry consolidations, and other changes beyond the Company’s control could have a positive or negative impact on achieving its targets. Accordingly, if market conditions deteriorate, or if the Company is unable to execute its strategies, it may be necessary to record impairment charges in the future.
Goodwill Impairment Tests
The Company completed its annual goodwill impairment tests for the fiscal twelve months ended December 28, 2025, December 29, 2024, and December 31, 2023. For the fiscal twelve months ended December 28, 2025, the Company performed a qualitative assessment on each of the reporting units on the annual test date and concluded that no impairment to goodwill was necessary as it was more likely than not that the estimated fair value of each reporting unit was in excess of its respective carrying value. For the fiscal twelve months ended December 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company performed a quantitative assessment on each of the reporting units and concluded that no impairment to goodwill was necessary, as the estimated fair value of each reporting unit was in excess of its respective carrying value.
In addition to the qualitative assessment performed as of the annual test date for the fiscal twelve months ended December 28, 2025, there was a reassessment of the long-term outlook for the Skin Health and Beauty business during the fiscal three months ended September 28, 2025. The revised outlook aimed to address slower growth in the broader skincare categories, as well as the recent decline in profitability of the Skin Health and Beauty reporting unit. Management revised the internal forecasts to reflect the updated outlook. These changes in circumstances were determined to be a triggering event, which resulted in a quantitative interim impairment assessment of the fair value of the Skin Health and Beauty reporting unit. The Company also elected to perform a quantitative interim impairment assessment for the Self Care and Essential Health reporting units in conjunction with the assessment performed for the Skin Health and Beauty reporting unit. Based on the results of the assessment, the estimated fair value of the Skin Health and Beauty reporting unit exceeded the carrying value by approximately 10%; therefore, no impairment charge was recorded for the fiscal three months ended September 28, 2025. If all other assumptions were held constant, an increase of approximately 100 basis points in the selected discount rate would have resulted in an impairment charge. No impairment to goodwill was necessary for any of the Company’s reporting units, as the estimated fair value of each reporting unit exceeded its respective carrying value.
A decline in forecasted Net sales or net income, or adverse macroeconomic developments such as rising interest rates, could significantly reduce the excess between fair value and carrying value. Management will continue to monitor the performance of the Skin Health and Beauty business; further deterioration of market conditions or an inability of the Company to execute on its strategies could lead to an impairment charge of the goodwill associated with the Skin Health and Beauty reporting unit in the future.