NOTE 14 STOCK AND UNIT-BASED COMPENSATION

2021 Equity Incentive Plan

Effective June 9, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors (the "Board") and its stockholders as of that date adopted and approved the LifeStance Health Group, Inc. 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Equity Incentive Plan”). All equity-based awards subsequent to June 9, 2021 will be granted under the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan. The 2021 Equity Incentive Plan permits the grant of awards of restricted or unrestricted common stock, stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units, performance awards, and other stock-based awards to employees and directors of, and consultants and advisors to, the Company and its affiliates.

The maximum number of shares of the Company’s common stock that may be delivered in satisfaction of awards under the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan was initially reserved at 47,037 shares. The share pool will automatically increase on January 1 of each year through and including 2031 by the lesser of (i) five percent of the number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding as of the close of business on the immediately preceding December 31 and (ii) the number of shares determined by the Board on or prior to such date for such year. On January 1, 2022, the number of shares of common stock reserved and available for issuance under the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan increased by 18,713 shares.

Restricted Stock

The RSAs were issued as part of the Organizational Transactions (see Note 1).

The following is a summary of RSA transactions as of and for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 (Successor):

 

 

Unvested Shares

 

 

Weighted-Average
Grant Date Fair Value

 

Unvested, December 31, 2020 (Successor)

 

 

 

 

$

 

Converted

 

 

30,766

 

 

 

11.98

 

Vested

 

 

(7,265

)

 

 

11.98

 

Unvested, December 31, 2021 (Successor)

 

 

23,501

 

 

$

11.98

 

Vested

 

 

(6,342

)

 

 

11.98

 

Forfeited

 

 

(363

)

 

 

11.98

 

Unvested, December 31, 2022 (Successor)

 

 

16,796

 

 

$

11.98

 

Restricted Stock Units

The RSUs were granted in connection with the IPO and subsequent to the IPO. RSUs are accounted for as equity using the fair value method, which requires measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all awards granted to employees, directors and consultants based upon the grant-date fair value.

The following is a summary of RSU transactions as of and for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 (Successor):

 

 

Unvested Shares

 

 

Weighted-Average
Grant Date Fair Value

 

Outstanding, December 31, 2020 (Successor)

 

 

 

 

$

 

Granted

 

 

6,208

 

 

 

17.93

 

Vested

 

 

(106

)

 

 

17.23

 

Canceled and forfeited

 

 

(71

)

 

 

18.00

 

Outstanding, December 31, 2021 (Successor)

 

 

6,031

 

 

$

17.95

 

Granted

 

 

12,195

 

 

 

8.43

 

Vested

 

 

(2,204

)

 

 

16.86

 

Canceled and forfeited

 

 

(1,819

)

 

 

8.39

 

Outstanding, December 31, 2022 (Successor)

 

 

14,203

 

 

$

10.61

 

 

Stock Options

The following is a summary of stock option activity as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022 (Successor):

 

 

Number of Options

 

 

Weighted-Average
Exercise Price

 

 

Weighted-Average
Remaining Contractual Term (Years)

 

 

Aggregate Intrinsic Value

 

Outstanding, December 31, 2021 (Successor)

 

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

$

 

Granted

 

 

13,476

 

 

 

7.42

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vested

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Canceled and forfeited

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding, December 31, 2022 (Successor)

 

 

13,476

 

 

$

7.42

 

 

 

9.70

 

 

$

 

Vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2022 (Successor)

 

 

13,476

 

 

$

7.42

 

 

 

9.70

 

 

$

 

The total grant-date fair value of stock options granted during the year ended December 31, 2022 (Successor) was $56,917.

The Company estimated the fair value of stock option grants with time-based vesting conditions using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions presented on a weighted-average basis:

 

 

Successor

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2022

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

 

3.22

%

Volatility

 

 

55.00

%

Expected term (years)

 

 

6.25

 

Expected dividend yield

 

 

0.00

%

Estimated fair value per option granted

 

$

4.13

 

The Company estimated the fair value of stock option grants with time- and market-based vesting conditions using a Monte Carlo simulation that incorporate estimates of the potential outcomes of the market condition on the grant with the following assumptions:

 

 

Successor

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2022

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

 

3.22

%

Volatility

 

 

55.00

%

Expected service period (years)

 

 

2.76

 

Expected dividend yield

 

 

0.00

%

Weighted-average fair value per option granted

 

$

4.27

 

The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant of the award for time periods approximately equal to the expected term of the award. The Company lacks company-specific historical and implied volatility information. Therefore, it estimated its expected stock volatility based on the historical volatility of a publicly traded set of peer companies. Expected dividend yield is based on the fact that the Company has never paid cash dividends and does not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

The Company determines the expected term of time-based vesting condition options using the simplified method which is used when there is insufficient historical data about exercise patterns. The simplified method is based on the vesting period and the contractual term for each grant, or for each vesting-tranche for awards with graded vesting. The mid-point between the vesting date and the maximum contractual expiration date is used as the expected term under this method.

The expected service period of the time- and market-based vesting condition options is based on projected exercise dates resulting from the Monte Carlo simulation for each award tranche.

Stock and Unit-Based Compensation Expense

The Company recognized stock and unit-based compensation expense related to RSAs, RSUs, stock options, and the Class B Profits Interests within general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss as follows:

 

 

 

Successor

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2022

 

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2021

 

 

April 13 to
December 31, 2020

 

Stock and unit-based compensation expense

 

$

187,430

 

 

$

259,439

 

 

$

1,452

 

As of December 31, 2022 (Successor), the Company had $165,827 in unrecognized compensation expense related to all non-vested awards (RSAs, RSUs and stock options) that will be recognized over the weighted-average remaining service period of 1.9 years.

2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

Effective June 9, 2021, the Board and its stockholders as of that date adopted and approved the LifeStance Health Group, Inc. 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”). The ESPP permits the grant to eligible employees of the Company and its participating subsidiaries of options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock.

The aggregate number of shares of the Company common stock available for purchase pursuant to the exercise of options under the ESPP was 6,817 shares, plus an automatic annual increase, as of January 1 of each year beginning in 2022 and continuing through and including 2031, equal to the lesser of (i) one percent of the number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding as of the close of business on the immediately preceding December 31 and (ii) the number of shares determined by the Board on or prior to such date for such year, up to a maximum of 42,500 shares of the Company’s common stock in the aggregate. On January 1, 2022, the number of shares of common stock reserved and available for issuance under the ESPP increased by 3,743 shares. The ESPP allows participants to purchase common stock through payroll deductions of up to 15% of their eligible compensation. The purchase price of the shares will be 85% of the lower of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date or the exercise date.

The ESPP will generally be implemented by a series of separate offerings referred to as “Option Periods”. Unless otherwise determined by the administrator, the Option Periods will be successive periods of approximately six months commencing on the first business day in January and July of each year, anticipated to be on or around January 1 and July 1, and ending approximately six months later on the last business day in June or December, as applicable, of each year, anticipated to be on or around June 30 and December 31. The last business day of each Option Period will be an “Exercise Date”. The administrator may change the Exercise Date, the commencement date, the ending date and the duration of each Option Period, in each case, to the extent permitted by Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code; provided, however, that no option may be exercised after 27 months from its grant date.

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (Successor), no shares of common stock have been purchased under the Company’s ESPP.

About Stock Compensation Disclosures

Stock-based compensation disclosures detail the equity awards granted to employees and executives — including stock options, restricted stock units (RSUs), and performance shares — along with the valuation methods and assumptions used to expense them. This section reveals the true cost of talent retention and the alignment between management incentives and shareholder interests.

Key signals: total unrecognized compensation expense and its expected recognition period signal future earnings headwinds from already-granted awards. For stock options, examine Black-Scholes assumptions — expected volatility, risk-free rate, and expected term — as understating any of these reduces reported compensation expense. Compare stock compensation expense as a percentage of revenue against peers to assess dilution cost. Watch vesting schedules for acceleration clauses tied to change-of-control events. Performance-based awards with undemanding targets may indicate weak governance. Add back stock compensation to operating cash flow to calculate a more conservative free cash flow figure.