LEASES
In the normal course of its business, Linde enters into various leases as the lessee, primarily involving manufacturing and distribution equipment and office space. Linde determines whether a contract is or contains a lease at contract inception. Total lease and rental expenses related to operating lease right of use assets for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 were $311 million, $303 million and $284 million, respectively. Operating lease costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses and cost of sales, exclusive of depreciation and amortization. The related assets and obligations are included in other long-term assets and other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities, respectively. Total lease and rental expenses related to finance lease right of use assets for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 were $74 million, $70 million and $58 million, respectively, and the costs are included in depreciation and amortization and interest. Related assets and obligations are included in other long-term assets and other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities, respectively. Linde includes renewal options that are reasonably certain to be exercised as part of the lease term. Operating and financing lease expenses above include short term and variable lease costs which are immaterial.
As most leases do not provide an implicit rate, Linde uses the applicable incremental borrowing rate at lease commencement to measure lease liabilities and right-of-use assets. Linde determines incremental borrowing rates through market sources.
The company has elected to apply the short-term lease exception for all underlying asset classes. Short-term leases are leases that, at the commencement date, have a lease term of twelve months or less and do not include a purchase option that the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise. Leases that meet the short-term lease definition are not recognized on the balance sheet, but rather expensed on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Some leasing arrangements require variable payments that are dependent on usage, output, or may vary for other reasons, such as insurance. The company does not have material variable lease payments.

Gains and losses on sale and leaseback transactions were immaterial. Operating cash flows used for operating leases for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 were $250 million, $249 million and $249 million, respectively. Cash flows used for finance leases for the same period were immaterial.
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows:
(Millions of dollars)
December 31,20252024
Operating Leases
Operating lease right-of-use assets$886 $800 
Other current liabilities199 176 
Other long-term liabilities667 606 
Total operating lease liabilities866 782 
Finance Leases
Finance lease right-of-use assets193 189 
Other current liabilities62 54 
Other long-term liabilities152 150 
Total finance lease liabilities$214 $204 
Supplemental operating lease information:
(Millions of dollars)
December 31,20252024
Weighted average lease term (years)88
Weighted average discount rate4.46 %4.17 %
Future operating and finance lease payments as of December 31, 2025 are as follows (millions of dollars):
PeriodOperating LeasesFinancing Leases
2026$232 $65 
2027183 55 
2028139 40 
2029103 25 
203068 12 
Thereafter322 44 
Total future undiscounted lease payments1,047 241 
Less imputed interest(181)(27)
Total reported lease liability$866 $214 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 25, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 26, 2025
2023Feb 28, 2024
2022Feb 28, 2023
2021Feb 28, 2022
2020Mar 1, 2021
2019Mar 2, 2020
2018Mar 18, 2019

About Leases Disclosures

Lease disclosures under ASC 842 provide a comprehensive view of a company's leased asset portfolio, including the split between operating and finance leases, discount rates used to present-value future payments, and the maturity schedule of lease obligations. This section reveals a significant source of off-balance-sheet commitments that were largely hidden before the current standard.

Key signals: the weighted-average discount rate affects the size of recorded lease liabilities — a higher rate reduces the reported obligation, so compare the chosen rate against the company's incremental borrowing rate. The operating versus finance lease mix affects both EBITDA and operating income presentation. Watch the maturity table for concentration risk: large payment cliffs in specific years may create cash flow pressure. Variable lease payments excluded from the liability measurement represent real obligations that do not appear on the balance sheet. Compare total lease costs against prior-year operating lease expense to assess the true economic burden.