Note 19     COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

 

Lease Commitment

 

The Company has two non-cancelable lease agreements for certain office and accommodation as well as fish farming containers for research and develop advanced technology for water circulation applying in fishery. Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases with initial terms within one year. The Company recognizes lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized $44,035 and $83,673 lease expense in operating expenses. The total future minimum lease payment under non-cancellable short-term leases as of December 31, 2025 is $18,348.

 

Capital commitments

 

As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company’s capital commitments contracted but not yet reflected in the consolidated financial statements amounted to $nil.

 

Contingencies

 

In the ordinary course of business, the Company may be subject to legal proceeding regarding contractual and employment relationships and a variety of other matters. The Company records contingent liabilities resulting from such claims when a loss is assessed to be probable and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable.

 

The Company has no significant pending litigation for the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.

 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Apr 15, 2026Showing above
2024May 6, 2025
2023Apr 1, 2024
2022Mar 31, 2023
2021Mar 23, 2022
2020Apr 15, 2021
2019May 14, 2020
2018Apr 15, 2019

About Commitments Disclosures

Commitments and contingencies disclosures catalog a company's off-balance-sheet obligations and legal exposures — purchase commitments, guarantee arrangements, pending litigation, and regulatory proceedings. These items represent potential future cash outflows that may not appear as liabilities on the balance sheet until they become probable and estimable.

Key signals: litigation reserves and disclosed loss ranges quantify management's estimate of legal exposure, but unquantified "reasonably possible" losses often represent the larger risk. Watch for changes in language around pending cases — shifts from "remote" to "reasonably possible" or increases in estimated loss ranges signal deteriorating outcomes. Unconditional purchase obligations and take-or-pay contracts create fixed cost structures that reduce operational flexibility. Guarantee arrangements for subsidiaries or joint ventures can create cascading obligations. Compare the total commitment schedule against projected free cash flow to assess whether the company can meet its obligations without additional financing.