11. Segment Information

The Company is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company and has not generated any revenue since commencing significant operations in 2018. The Company’s operations are organized and reported as one reportable segment, which includes all activities related to the discovery, development, and commercialization of precisely targeted therapies for patients with cancer. This presentation is consistent with how the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), its Chief Executive Officer, assesses the performance of the Company and makes operating decisions on a consolidated basis. The accounting policies of the consolidated segment are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies (see Note 2). The CODM assesses performance and decides how to allocate resources based on consolidated net loss as reported on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The CODM uses consolidated net loss to monitor budget versus actual results, assess cash runway, and benchmark against the Company’s competitors. The measure of segment assets is reported on the consolidated balance sheets as total assets. The Company’s assets are held in the United States.

The following table sets forth the Company’s segment information (in thousands):

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Direct external expenses by program:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Zidesamtinib

 

$

59,519

 

 

$

62,110

 

 

$

27,878

 

Neladalkib

 

 

105,446

 

 

 

67,778

 

 

 

31,894

 

NVL-330

 

 

21,819

 

 

 

8,293

 

 

 

10,634

 

Discovery programs

 

 

11,875

 

 

 

9,178

 

 

 

8,586

 

Personnel-related expenses

 

 

73,163

 

 

 

44,121

 

 

 

29,225

 

Stock-based compensation expense

 

 

86,502

 

 

 

60,579

 

 

 

25,563

 

General and administrative professional and consultant fees

 

 

15,033

 

 

 

10,854

 

 

 

6,423

 

Change in fair value of related party revenue share liability

 

 

55,220

 

 

 

17,940

 

 

 

 

Interest income

 

 

(44,794

)

 

 

(38,372

)

 

 

(23,277

)

Other segment items(1)

 

 

41,009

 

 

 

17,511

 

 

 

9,293

 

Income tax provision

 

 

585

 

 

 

764

 

 

 

 

Consolidated net loss

 

$

(425,377

)

 

$

(260,756

)

 

$

(126,219

)

 

(1) Other segment items included in consolidated net loss include expenses for commercialization preparation activities, research and development consulting services, information technology, insurance, employee recruitment and other miscellaneous activities.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 26, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 27, 2025

About Segments Disclosures

Segment disclosures break a company into its reportable operating units, revealing revenue, profit, and asset allocation that consolidated financial statements obscure. Under ASC 280, segments must match how the chief operating decision maker views the business, providing a window into internal management structure and resource allocation priorities.

Key signals: compare segment margins to identify which units drive profitability and which destroy value. Watch for changes in the number of reportable segments — segment aggregation or disaggregation often coincides with strategic shifts or attempts to obscure declining performance. Intersegment elimination patterns reveal internal pricing practices. The reconciliation between segment totals and consolidated figures exposes corporate overhead allocation and unallocated items. Geographic revenue concentration highlights regulatory and currency exposure. Compare segment-level capital expenditure against segment revenue to assess where management is investing for future growth versus harvesting existing assets.