Segment Reporting
The Company has one operating and reportable segment relating to the research, development and commercialization of its novel gene and cell therapies and vaccines. The segment derives its current revenue from a co-development and commercialization agreement with CanSinoBIO. The Company does not track expenses on an individual program basis for overhead costs, as the Company utilizes its resources across all programs.

The Company's Chief Operating Decision Maker (the "CODM"), its Chief Executive Officer, manages the Company's operations on an integrated basis for the purposes of allocating resources. When evaluating the Company's financial performance, the CODM reviews financial information at the consolidated level. The CODM uses net loss as the measure of profit or loss to allocate resources and assess performance. The CODM regularly reviews net loss as reported on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Financial forecasts and budget to actual results used by the
CODM to assess performance and allocate resources, as well as those used for strategic decisions related to headcount and capital expenditures are also reviewed on a consolidated basis.
The measure of segment assets is reported on the balance sheet as total assets.
The table below is a summary of the segment profit or loss, including significant segment expenses (in thousands):
Year ended December 31,
20242023
Collaborative arrangement revenue$4,055 $6,036 
Less:
OCU4006,846 7,318 
OCU410 and OCU410ST3,653 4,029 
NeoCart489 1,336 
COVAXIN25 8,824 
Inhaled mucosal vaccine platform2,464 629 
OCU200379 713 
Unallocated costs:
Research and development personnel costs12,992 13,868 
Facilities and other support costs2,984 1,507 
Other (a)
2,294 1,349 
Total research and development32,126 39,573 
General and administrative26,686 31,994 
Total operating expenses58,812 71,567 
Loss from operations(54,757)(65,531)
Other income (expense), net703 2,453 
Segment and consolidated net loss$(54,054)$(63,078)
(a) Other expenses include travel for research and development and a clinical and regulatory data repository system for each program.
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About Segments Disclosures

Segment disclosures break a company into its reportable operating units, revealing revenue, profit, and asset allocation that consolidated financial statements obscure. Under ASC 280, segments must match how the chief operating decision maker views the business, providing a window into internal management structure and resource allocation priorities.

Key signals: compare segment margins to identify which units drive profitability and which destroy value. Watch for changes in the number of reportable segments — segment aggregation or disaggregation often coincides with strategic shifts or attempts to obscure declining performance. Intersegment elimination patterns reveal internal pricing practices. The reconciliation between segment totals and consolidated figures exposes corporate overhead allocation and unallocated items. Geographic revenue concentration highlights regulatory and currency exposure. Compare segment-level capital expenditure against segment revenue to assess where management is investing for future growth versus harvesting existing assets.