NOTE 19. SEGMENT INFORMATION
The chief operating decision maker (CODM) is the individual, or group of individuals, who assess financial performance and determines resource allocation. Management has identified our Chief Executive Officer (CEO) as the CODM. In arriving at this conclusion, we considered that the individual who receives the relevant financial information, which is primarily provided in the form of segment operations reviews, is ultimately our CEO. Further, our CEO assesses the reasonableness of resource
allocation, primarily in the form of capital allocation and budgetary analysis, and reviews segment results and resource allocation summaries prepared by segment management, consistent with their view of the business as a whole.
We define segment results as income (loss) before interest expense, interest income, other operating income (expense), non-operating pension income, other income and income taxes, and includes the results of non-consolidated affiliates in segment results consistent with management’s monitoring of the operating segments. We have three operating segments: Chlor Alkali Products and Vinyls, Epoxy and Winchester. The three operating segments reflect the organization used by our management for purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance, and represents our reportable segments. Chlorine and caustic soda used in our Epoxy segment is transferred at cost from the Chlor Alkali Products and Vinyls segment.
Cost of goods sold at Corporate is primarily attributed to environmental expense. Other segment items for each reportable segment includes selling, general and administrative expenses and earnings (losses) from non-consolidated affiliates. Segment assets include only those assets which are directly identifiable to an operating segment. Assets in the corporate/other segment primarily include cash and cash equivalents, deferred taxes and other assets. Sales are attributed to geographic areas based on the customer location.
Year Ended December 31, 2025
Chlor Alkali Products and VinylsEpoxyWinchesterCorp/OtherTotals
Segment Detail($ in millions)
Sales$3,684.4 $1,371.8 $1,724.6 $— $6,780.8 
Cost of goods sold3,265.0 1,415.5 1,571.2 27.6 6,279.3 
Gross margin419.4 (43.7)153.4 (27.6)501.5 
Other segment items(238.3)(59.8)(85.7)(82.6)(466.4)
Restructuring charges— — — (33.4)(33.4)
Other operating income— — — 0.5 0.5 
Interest expense— — — (188.3)(188.3)
Interest income— — — 4.4 4.4 
Non-operating pension income— — — 20.6 20.6 
Income (loss) before taxes$181.1 $(103.5)$67.7 $(306.4)$(161.1)
Other Items
Depreciation and amortization expense$423.6 $51.7 $34.2 $12.1 $521.6 
Capital spending159.7 19.9 39.8 6.9 226.3 
Assets5,092.4 855.1 849.4 528.9 7,325.8 
Segment Sales by Geography
United States$2,529.1 $559.8 $1,497.0 $— $4,585.9 
Europe160.0 391.5 95.9 — 647.4 
Other foreign995.3 420.5 131.7 — 1,547.5 
Total sales$3,684.4 $1,371.8 $1,724.6 $— $6,780.8 
Year Ended December 31, 2024
Chlor Alkali Products and VinylsEpoxyWinchesterCorp/OtherTotals
Segment Detail($ in millions)
Sales$3,630.2 $1,226.3 $1,683.6 $— $6,540.1 
Cost of goods sold3,154.5 1,256.2 1,356.7 35.2 5,802.6 
Gross margin475.7 (29.9)326.9 (35.2)737.5 
Other segment items(179.3)(55.1)(89.0)(85.1)(408.5)
Restructuring charges— — — (33.3)(33.3)
Other operating income— — — 0.8 0.8 
Interest expense— — — (184.5)(184.5)
Interest income— — — 3.7 3.7 
Non-operating pension income— — — 26.0 26.0 
Income (loss) before taxes
$296.4 $(85.0)$237.9 $(307.6)$141.7 
Other Items
Depreciation and amortization expense$424.6 $53.7 $33.8 $6.0 $518.1 
Capital spending140.4 21.7 31.3 1.7 195.1 
Assets5,346.8 960.5 744.6 527.2 7,579.1 
Segment Sales by Geography
United States$2,561.4 $606.8 $1,489.2 $— $4,657.4 
Europe184.1 312.5 95.7 — 592.3 
Other foreign884.7 307.0 98.7 — 1,290.4 
Total sales$3,630.2 $1,226.3 $1,683.6 $— $6,540.1 

Year Ended December 31, 2023
Chlor Alkali Products and VinylsEpoxyWinchesterCorp/OtherTotals
Segment Detail($ in millions)
Sales$3,995.1 $1,329.2 $1,508.7 $— $6,833.0 
Cost of goods sold3,175.3 1,304.0 1,160.5 27.7 5,667.5 
Gross margin819.8 25.2 348.2 (27.7)1,165.5 
Other segment items(155.6)(56.2)(92.6)(102.3)(406.7)
Restructuring charges— — — (89.6)(89.6)
Other operating income— — — 42.9 42.9 
Interest expense— — — (181.1)(181.1)
Interest income— — — 4.3 4.3 
Non-operating pension income— — — 24.0 24.0 
Income (loss) before taxes
$664.2 $(31.0)$255.6 $(329.5)$559.3 
Other Items
Depreciation and amortization expense$440.7 $57.4 $27.2 $8.1 $533.4 
Capital spending161.1 15.2 33.3 26.4 236.0 
Assets5,650.2 979.3 683.6 400.1 7,713.2 
Segment Sales by Geography
United States$2,700.0 $562.8 $1,336.6 $— $4,599.4 
Europe207.9 338.5 57.3 — 603.7 
Other foreign1,087.2 427.9 114.8 — 1,629.9 
Total sales$3,995.1 $1,329.2 $1,508.7 $— $6,833.0 
Property, plant and equipment is attributed to geographic areas based on the asset location:
December 31,
20252024
Property, Plant and Equipment by Geography($ in millions)
United States$1,992.2 $2,132.8 
Foreign204.7 195.6 
Total property, plant and equipment$2,196.9 $2,328.4 
 Years Ended December 31,
202520242023
Segment Sales by Product Line($ in millions)
Chlor Alkali Products and Vinyls
Caustic soda$1,632.3 $1,526.9 $1,790.0 
Chlorine, chlorine derivatives and other products2,052.1 2,103.3 2,205.1 
Total Chlor Alkali Products and Vinyls3,684.4 3,630.2 3,995.1 
Epoxy
Aromatics and allylics564.7 512.2 525.1 
Epoxy resins and formulated solutions807.1 714.1 804.1 
Total Epoxy1,371.8 1,226.3 1,329.2 
Winchester
Commercial636.4 836.6 806.5 
Military and law enforcement(1)
1,088.2 847.0 702.2 
Total Winchester1,724.6 1,683.6 1,508.7 
Total sales$6,780.8 $6,540.1 $6,833.0 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 20, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 20, 2025
2023Feb 22, 2024
2022Feb 23, 2023
2021Feb 24, 2022
2020Feb 22, 2021
2019Feb 25, 2020
2018Feb 25, 2019
2017Feb 26, 2018
2016Feb 28, 2017
2015Mar 1, 2016

About Segments Disclosures

Segment disclosures break a company into its reportable operating units, revealing revenue, profit, and asset allocation that consolidated financial statements obscure. Under ASC 280, segments must match how the chief operating decision maker views the business, providing a window into internal management structure and resource allocation priorities.

Key signals: compare segment margins to identify which units drive profitability and which destroy value. Watch for changes in the number of reportable segments — segment aggregation or disaggregation often coincides with strategic shifts or attempts to obscure declining performance. Intersegment elimination patterns reveal internal pricing practices. The reconciliation between segment totals and consolidated figures exposes corporate overhead allocation and unallocated items. Geographic revenue concentration highlights regulatory and currency exposure. Compare segment-level capital expenditure against segment revenue to assess where management is investing for future growth versus harvesting existing assets.