(18) Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is not a party to any litigation, and, to its best knowledge, no action, suit or proceeding has been threatened against the Company which are expected to have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

Fortrea Inc.

In October 2024, the Company entered into a clinical master services agreement and work orders with Fortrea Holdings Inc. (“Fortrea”) to act as the contract research organization (“CRO”) overseeing the Company’s Phase 2b efficacy and safety study for SAB-142. Approximately $7.3 million and $0.4 million was expensed with respect to the Fortrea agreements during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, which amounts are included in research and development expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The Company expects to make substantial payments to Fortrea over the next 12 to 18 months in connection with services provided by Fortrea, as well as clinical trial site and other pass-through costs relating to the Phase 2b efficacy and safety study for SAB-142.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Mar 9, 2026Showing above
2024Mar 31, 2025
2023Mar 29, 2024
2022Apr 14, 2023
2021Mar 29, 2022
2020Apr 2, 2021

About Commitments Disclosures

Commitments and contingencies disclosures catalog a company's off-balance-sheet obligations and legal exposures — purchase commitments, guarantee arrangements, pending litigation, and regulatory proceedings. These items represent potential future cash outflows that may not appear as liabilities on the balance sheet until they become probable and estimable.

Key signals: litigation reserves and disclosed loss ranges quantify management's estimate of legal exposure, but unquantified "reasonably possible" losses often represent the larger risk. Watch for changes in language around pending cases — shifts from "remote" to "reasonably possible" or increases in estimated loss ranges signal deteriorating outcomes. Unconditional purchase obligations and take-or-pay contracts create fixed cost structures that reduce operational flexibility. Guarantee arrangements for subsidiaries or joint ventures can create cascading obligations. Compare the total commitment schedule against projected free cash flow to assess whether the company can meet its obligations without additional financing.