NOTE 16.          COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

 

Loan Commitments

 

The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, credit card arrangements, and standby letters of credit. Such commitments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the balance sheets. A summary of the Company’s approximate commitments and contingent liabilities is as follows:

 

   

2025

   

2024

   

2023

 
   

(In Thousands)

 

Commitments to extend credit

  $ 3,779,178     $ 3,552,958     $ 3,410,283  

Credit card arrangements

    395,780       366,843       381,524  

Standby letters of credit and financial guarantees

    117,371       125,147       86,065  

Total

  $ 4,292,329     $ 4,044,948     $ 3,877,872  

 

Commitments to extend credit, credit card arrangements, commercial letters of credit and standby letters of credit all include exposure to some credit loss in the event of nonperformance of the customer. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet financial instruments. Because these instruments have fixed maturity dates, and because many of them expire without being drawn upon, they do not generally present any significant liquidity risk to the Company.

 

The Company invests in certain affordable housing projects throughout its market area as a means of supporting local communities. The Company receives tax credits related to these investments, for which it typically acts as a limited partner and therefore does not exert control over the operating or financial policies of the partnerships. The Company typically provides financing during the construction and development of the properties. Tax credits are subject to recapture by taxing authorities based on compliance features required to be met at the project level. The Company’s maximum potential exposure to losses relative to investments in VIEs is generally limited to the sum of the outstanding balance, future funding commitments and any related loans to the entity, exclusive of any potential tax recapture associated with the investments. Loans to these entities are underwritten in substantially the same manner as the Company’s other loans and are generally secured. The Company invests as a limited partner in certain projects through the New Market Tax Credit program, which is a Federal financial program aimed to stimulate business and real estate investment in underserved communities via a Federal tax credit. The Company has investments in and future funding commitments related to private equity and certain other equity method investments. The risk exposure relating to such commitments is generally limited to the amount of investments and future funding commitments made. The following table summarizes certain tax credit and certain equity investments.

 

       

December 31,

 
    Balance Sheet Location  

2025

   

2024

 
       

(In Thousands)

 

Investments in affordable housing projects and other qualified tax credits:

                   

Carrying amount

 

Other assets

  $ 98,681     $ 75,705  

Amount of future funding commitments including in carrying amount

 

Other liabilities

    65,439       39,502  

Lending exposures

 

Loans

    107,764       96,224  

SBIC and certain other equity method investments:

                   

Carrying amount

 

Other assets

    13,399       4,642  

Amount of future funding commitments not included in carrying amount

   N/A     18,551       12,308  

 

The following table presents a summary of tax credits and amortization expense associated with those investments accounted for using the proportional amortization method for the period indicated.

 

 

Income Statement Location

 

2025

   

2024

 
     

(In Thousands)

         

Income tax credits and other income tax benefits

Income tax expense

  $ (42,762 )   $ (13,392 )

Amortization expense

Income tax expense

    36,634       11,162  

  

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 27, 2026Showing above
2024Mar 3, 2025
2023Mar 1, 2024
2022Feb 28, 2023
2021Feb 25, 2022
2020Feb 26, 2021
2019Feb 25, 2020
2018Feb 28, 2019
2017Feb 28, 2018
2016Feb 28, 2017
2015Feb 24, 2016

About Commitments Disclosures

Commitments and contingencies disclosures catalog a company's off-balance-sheet obligations and legal exposures — purchase commitments, guarantee arrangements, pending litigation, and regulatory proceedings. These items represent potential future cash outflows that may not appear as liabilities on the balance sheet until they become probable and estimable.

Key signals: litigation reserves and disclosed loss ranges quantify management's estimate of legal exposure, but unquantified "reasonably possible" losses often represent the larger risk. Watch for changes in language around pending cases — shifts from "remote" to "reasonably possible" or increases in estimated loss ranges signal deteriorating outcomes. Unconditional purchase obligations and take-or-pay contracts create fixed cost structures that reduce operational flexibility. Guarantee arrangements for subsidiaries or joint ventures can create cascading obligations. Compare the total commitment schedule against projected free cash flow to assess whether the company can meet its obligations without additional financing.