SHF Holdings, Inc. Income Taxes Disclosure
Note 18. Tax
The major components of income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:
| For year ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||
| Current income tax: | ||||||||
| Current tax on profits | $ | 30,665 | $ | |||||
| Deferred tax: | ||||||||
| Deferred taxation - current year | $ | 43,829,019 | $ | (1,829,701 | ) | |||
| Income tax expense (benefit) | $ | 43,859,686 | $ | (1,829,701 | ) | |||
A reconciliation follows between tax expense (benefit) and the product of accounting loss multiplied by the United States domestic tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:
| For year ended December 31, | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||
| Accounting loss before tax from continuing operations | $ | (4,459,789) | $ | (19,109,548 | ) | |||
| Accounting loss before income tax | (4,459,789) | (19,109,548 | ) | |||||
| At federal statutory income tax rate of 21% | (936,555) | (4,013,005 | ) | |||||
| State income tax benefit, net of federal benefit | (8,418 | ) | (253,649 | ) | ||||
| Permanent differences, net | 583,678 | 2,207,439 | ||||||
| Valuation allowance charges affecting the provision for income taxes | 44,277,923 | |||||||
| Other | (56,942 | ) | 229,514 | |||||
| Total | 43,859,686 | $ | (1,829,701 | ) | ||||
Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the significant component of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities:
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | Change | ||||||||||
| Deferred tax assets: | ||||||||||||
| Loan loss reserve | $ | $ | 340,982 | $ | (340,982 | ) | ||||||
| Capital loss carryover | 70,627 | 72,914 | (2,287 | ) | ||||||||
| Stock option expense | 1,674,554 | 1,322,890 | 351,664 | |||||||||
| Deferred revenue | 6,935 | 5,366 | 1,569 | |||||||||
| Property plant and equipment’s | 23,992 | 20,866 | 3,126 | ) | ||||||||
| Transaction costs | 942,062 | 1,014,922 | (72,860 | ) | ||||||||
| Change in Forward Purchase Contract | 8,155,953 | 8,155,953 | ||||||||||
| Goodwill | 28,404,108 | 30,631,880 | (2,227,772 | ) | ||||||||
| NOL carryforward | 5,030,672 | 3,210,838 | 1,819,834 | |||||||||
| Lease liabilities | 214,125 | 246,716 | (32,591 | ) | ||||||||
| Total deferred tax assets (A) | 44,523,028 | 45,023,327 | (500,299 | ) | ||||||||
| Deferred tax liabilities: | ||||||||||||
| Right of use assets | (172,195 | ) | (210,460 | ) | 38,265 | |||||||
| Intangible assets | (910,934 | ) | 910,934 | |||||||||
| Total deferred tax liabilities (B) | (172,195 | ) | (1,121,394 | ) | 949,199 | |||||||
| Deferred tax assets (C=A-B) | 44,350,833 | 43,901,933 | 448,900 | |||||||||
| Valuation allowance (D) | (44,350,833 | ) | (72,914 | ) | (44,277,919 | ) | ||||||
| Deferred tax assets, net (C-D) | 43,829,019 | (43,829,019 | ) | |||||||||
Reconciliation of deferred tax asset, net:
| Year on year change | December 31, 2023 | |||||||
| Opening balance | $ | 43,829,019 | $ | 51,593,302 | ||||
| Tax (expense)/ income during the period recognized in the statement of operations | (43,829,019 | ) | 1,829,701 | |||||
| Acquisitions | (9,593,985 | ) | ||||||
| Closing balance | $ | $ | 43,829,019 | |||||
The Company offsets tax assets and liabilities only if it has a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets and current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority. The Company does not consider their deferred tax assets to be realizable and has established full valuation allowance during the year ending December 31, 2024. The Company has US federal tax loss carryovers totaling $20.4 million arising from 2020 through 2022 which have an unlimited carryover period. The Company has State of Colorado loss carryovers arising in 2022 of $21.4 million which begin to expire in 2042. The Company currently has no tax examinations in progress. The Company has open years for examination from Federal and State of Arkansas for the years ending December 31, 2020 and forward and from State of Colorado from December 31, 2021 and forward. The Company does not have any uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2023.
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About Income Taxes Disclosures
The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.
Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.