11.
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

2015 Stock Plan

In 2015, the Company adopted the 2015 Plan, which has been amended and restated numerous times to increase the aggregate shares authorized to be issued to employees, consultants, and directors of the Company. As of December 31, 2023, there were 28,115,750 shares authorized under the 2015 Plan.

On January 18, 2023, the Company approved a two-year extension of the expiration date of RSUs for then-current employees whose RSUs would otherwise expire in 2023 or 2024. The Company accounted for the extension as a stock compensation modification, which resulted in an increase in unrecognized compensation cost of $35.3 million at the time the extension was approved and an additional $12.2 million as the extensions occurred. The RSUs approved for the two-year extension were fully vested as of the IPO date. As such, the Company recognized the full impact of the expiration extension in stock-based compensation in the three months ended June 30, 2024.

On July 18, 2023, the Company approved the removal of the market condition for 5,898,596 outstanding PSUs. The Company accounted for this as a stock compensation modification. Subsequent to the modification, these units are treated as RSUs as the terms are consistent with the Company's existing RSUs. The modification resulted in a decrease in total unrecognized compensation cost of $19.3 million.

After the IPO, no further grants will be made under the 2015 Stock Plan.

2024 Equity Incentive Plan

In February 2024, the Company’s board of directors adopted, and in April 2024, the Company’s stockholders approved, the 2024 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2024 Plan”), which became effective in connection with the IPO in June 2024. The 2024 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options (“ISOs”), nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, RSUs, restricted stock unit awards (“RSAs”), performance-based awards (“PSUs”) and other awards. The maximum number of shares of Class A common stock that may be issued under the 2024 Plan is 7,430,000 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock and will automatically increase on January 1 of each year, beginning on January 1, 2025 and continuing through and including January 1, 2034 in an amount equal to either (i) a number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock (the “Evergreen Increase”), such that the sum of (x) the remaining number of shares available under the 2024 Plan and (y) the Evergreen Increase is equal to 5% of the total number of shares of common stock (both Class A and Class B) outstanding on December 31 of the preceding calendar year, or (ii) a lesser number of shares determined by the

Company’s board of directors prior to the applicable January 1. The maximum number of shares that may be issued upon the exercise of ISOs under the 2024 Plan is 22,290,000 shares. As of December 31, 2025, there were 2,920,167 shares of the Company's Class A common stock that may be issued under the 2024 Plan.

Restricted Stock Units

The majority of RSUs vest over a period of three to five years, with a cliff vest after one year and ratable quarterly vesting thereafter. RSUs granted prior to the IPO were also subject to liquidity event vesting condition, as defined in the grant agreement, which was satisfied in connection with the IPO.

The table below summarizes restricted stock unit activity for the year ended December 31, 2025:

 

 

 

Vested Restricted Stock Units

 

 

Weighted - Average Grant Date
Fair Value

 

 

Unvested Restricted Stock Units

 

 

Weighted - Average Grant Date
Fair Value

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2024

 

 

4,772,362

 

 

$

37.87

 

 

 

6,873,974

 

 

$

38.23

 

Granted

 

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

2,819,039

 

 

$

61.08

 

Vested

 

 

2,835,184

 

 

$

38.78

 

 

 

(2,835,184

)

 

$

38.78

 

Settled

 

 

(7,489,122

)

 

$

38.24

 

 

 

 

 

$

 

Forfeited

 

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

(572,225

)

 

$

41.77

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2025

 

 

118,424

 

 

$

36.46

 

 

 

6,285,604

 

 

$

47.91

 

 

Performance Stock Units

The Company granted 2,569,600 PSUs during the year ended December 31, 2025, with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $53.32.

50% of the PSUs are subject to a performance condition, which is based on the Company’s compound revenue growth ("CRG") during three overlapping performance periods (the "Performance Periods")—calendar year 2025 ("First Performance Period"), calendar years 2025 and 2026 ("Second Performance Period"), and calendar years 2025, 2026 and 2027 ("Third Performance Period" and, together with the First Performance Period and the Second Performance Period, the "Performance Periods") and subject to a service condition of a required period of continued employment from the vesting start date.

50% of the PSUs are subject to a market condition, which is based on a comparison of the Company’s total shareholder return ("TSR") to the return of the Nasdaq Composite Index during each Performance Period and subject to a service condition of a required period of continued employment from the vesting start date.

If either the performance condition or market condition is not achieved during one of the first two Performance Periods, but is achieved during the Third Performance Period, any PSUs with respect to such performance condition or market condition that had not previously been earned will vest on the final vesting date, subject to the employee's continued service through such date. As both the CRG and TSR PSUs have a performance or market condition that include graded vesting features, the Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense using the graded vesting method over the requisite service period for each separately vesting tranche of the award.

On February 20, 2026, the Company's board of directors certified the achievement of the performance condition related to the CRG PSUs and the market condition related to the TSR PSUs for the First Performance Period.

The fair value of the CRG PSUs is equal to the stock price on the date of grant. The requisite service period for the CRG PSUs is 18 months, 27 months, and 36 months for the First, Second, and Third Performance Period, respectively. The fair value of the TSR PSUs is established using a Monte Carlo simulation model for each tranche. The requisite service period for the TSR PSUs is 12 months, 24 months, and 36 months for the First, Second, and Third Performance Period, respectively. The following assumptions were used in the Monte Carlo simulation model in determining the fair value of TSR PSUs granted:

 

 

 

First Performance Period

 

Second Performance Period

 

Third Performance Period

Expected term (in years)

 

1.02 or 3.02

 

2.02 or 3.02

 

3.02

Risk-free interest rate

 

3.63% - 3.88%

 

3.63% - 3.68%

 

3.63%

Expected volatility

 

75.00%

 

75.00%

 

75.00%

NASDAQ volatility

 

20.00%

 

20.00%

 

20.00%

Expected dividend yield

 

0.00%

 

0.00%

 

0.00%

Restricted Stock Award

Stock-based compensation on these awards is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards.The table below summarizes restricted stock award activity for the year ended December 31, 2025:

 

 

 

Unvested Restricted Stock Awards

 

 

Weighted - Average Grant Date Fair Value

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2024

 

 

 

 

$

 

Granted

 

 

26,059

 

 

$

45.58

 

Vested

 

 

(8,686

)

 

$

45.58

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2025

 

 

17,373

 

 

 

45.58

 

 

Stock-based compensation is classified as follows in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Cost of revenues, diagnostics

 

$

6,224

 

 

$

13,625

 

 

$

 

Cost of revenues, data and applications

 

 

3,091

 

 

 

8,530

 

 

 

 

Technology research and development

 

 

19,062

 

 

 

58,473

 

 

 

 

Research and development

 

 

12,688

 

 

 

47,638

 

 

 

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

 

83,682

 

 

 

405,872

 

 

 

 

Total stock-based compensation

 

$

124,747

 

 

$

534,138

 

 

$

 

As of December 31, 2025, unrecognized stock-based compensation was $288.2 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.4 years.

About Stock Compensation Disclosures

Stock-based compensation disclosures detail the equity awards granted to employees and executives — including stock options, restricted stock units (RSUs), and performance shares — along with the valuation methods and assumptions used to expense them. This section reveals the true cost of talent retention and the alignment between management incentives and shareholder interests.

Key signals: total unrecognized compensation expense and its expected recognition period signal future earnings headwinds from already-granted awards. For stock options, examine Black-Scholes assumptions — expected volatility, risk-free rate, and expected term — as understating any of these reduces reported compensation expense. Compare stock compensation expense as a percentage of revenue against peers to assess dilution cost. Watch vesting schedules for acceleration clauses tied to change-of-control events. Performance-based awards with undemanding targets may indicate weak governance. Add back stock compensation to operating cash flow to calculate a more conservative free cash flow figure.