Goodwill and Intangible Assets
For purposes of performing our goodwill impairment analysis, we have identified our reporting units as North America, Latin America, EMEA and APAC.
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill were as follows:
Goodwill
Accumulated
Impairment
Losses
Total
Balance as of December 31, 2025$243.9 $(35.3)$208.6 
Additions1.4 — 1.4 
Foreign currency fluctuations24.4 (2.8)21.6 
Balance as of December 31, 2024$218.1 $(32.5)$185.6 
Additions9.4 — 9.4 
Foreign currency fluctuations(12.0)0.8 (11.2)
Balance as of December 31, 2023$220.7 $(33.3)$187.4 
There has been no impairment of goodwill for any of the years presented.
The additions recorded to goodwill during 2025 and 2024 were related to the acquisitions of R4Y and TCS, respectively, as described further in Note 5.
The balances of acquired intangible assets, excluding goodwill, were as follows:
Customer
Lists
Trade
Names
TechnologyTotal
Balance as of December 31, 2025
Original cost$174.9 $31.1 $16.7 $222.7 
Accumulated amortization(128.1)(26.6)(15.4)(170.1)
Carrying amount$46.8 $4.5 $1.3 $52.6 
Weighted-average original life (in years)141012
Balance as of December 31, 2024
Original cost$154.6 $27.6 $15.2 $197.4 
Accumulated amortization(104.9)(20.8)(13.0)(138.7)
Carrying amount$49.7 $6.8 $2.2 $58.7 
Weighted-average original life (in years)151111
As part of our acquisition of R4Y in 2025, we acquired customer lists with a fair value of $1.2 million. As part of our acquisition of TCS in 2024, we acquired customer lists and backlog with a combined fair value of $13.8 million.
Amortization expense of intangible assets was $13.7 million, $15.0 million and $14.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Estimated aggregate amortization expense based on the current carrying amount of amortizable intangible assets for each of the five succeeding years is as follows:
2026$12.9 
20279.3 
20287.5 
20296.7 
20306.2 
Thereafter10.0 
Total$52.6 

About Goodwill & Intangibles Disclosures

Goodwill and intangible asset disclosures reveal the premium paid in acquisitions and how management assesses whether that premium retains its value. Since goodwill is no longer amortized under US GAAP, the annual impairment test is the only mechanism that adjusts carrying values downward — making the assumptions behind that test critically important for investors.

Key signals: a history of goodwill impairments suggests management consistently overpays for acquisitions. Watch the gap between reporting unit fair value and carrying amount — when fair value exceeds carrying amount by less than 10-20%, a small decline in business performance could trigger a write-down. For finite-lived intangibles, examine useful life assumptions across customer relationships, technology, and trade names; aggressive estimates inflate near-term earnings. Compare total intangibles-to-total-assets ratios against peers to assess acquisition dependency. Rising goodwill as a percentage of equity can signal balance sheet fragility.