4. Investments and fair value measurements

The following tables present the Company’s assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):

As of December 31, 2025
Level 1Level 2Level 3
Assets
Cash equivalents(1):
Money market funds$123,314 $— $— 
Time deposits
4,005 — — 
Marketable securities:
U.S. government securities— 127,259 — 
Total assets
$127,319 $127,259 $— 

As of December 31, 2024
Level 1Level 2Level 3
Assets
Cash equivalents(1):
Money market funds$136,771 $— $— 
Time deposits
9,809 — — 
U.S. government securities
— 1,686 — 
Marketable securities:
U.S. government securities— 163,844 — 
Total assets
$146,580 $165,530 $— 
1) Included in cash and cash equivalents in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, in addition to $104.2 million and $42.3 million of cash as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
The Company did not have a material amount of liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024.
The Company’s money market funds and time deposits are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued using quoted prices in active markets. The Company’s investments in U.S. government securities are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy because they have been valued using inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are directly or indirectly observable. The Company’s strategic investments are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because they have been valued using significant unobservable inputs for which the Company has been required to develop its own assumptions.
A summary of the changes in the fair value of Level 3 financial instruments, of which vesting and remeasurement of SARs and impairment of strategic investments is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations, is as follows (in thousands):
Stock Appreciation RightsStrategic Investments
Balance— December 31, 2022
$462 $12,104 
Vesting and remeasurement of SARs
(161)— 
Exercises of SARs
(253)— 
Unrealized loss on strategic investments
— (1,793)
Balance— December 31, 2023
48 10,311 
Vesting and remeasurement of SARs
(34)— 
Exercises of SARs
(7)— 
Unrealized loss on strategic investments— (10,311)
Balance— December 31, 2024
— 
Vesting and remeasurement of SARs
(4)— 
Balance— December 31, 2025$$— 

The Company evaluates its strategic investments for impairment at each reporting period. This evaluation considers several potential qualitative and quantitative impairment indicators including, but not limited to, the investee's financial metrics, whether there were any significant adverse changes in the economic environment or general market conditions of the geographies and industries in which the investee operates, and any other publicly available information that may affect the value of the investment.
The cost basis of the Company’s strategic investments is $15.0 million. The Company previously recorded impairment charges of $10.3 million during the second quarter of 2024, $1.8 million during the second quarter of 2023 and $2.9 million during the third quarter of 2022. There have been no observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer during the periods presented. As such, the Company’s carrying amount of its strategic investment was zero as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 19, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 19, 2025
2023Feb 26, 2024

About Fair Value Disclosures

Fair value disclosures classify all assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy: Level 1 (quoted market prices), Level 2 (observable inputs like yield curves), and Level 3 (unobservable inputs requiring management estimates). The proportion of Level 3 assets directly reflects how much of the balance sheet depends on internal models rather than market evidence.

Key signals: a growing Level 3 balance relative to total fair-value assets increases valuation uncertainty and earnings volatility risk. Watch for transfers between levels — assets moving from Level 2 to Level 3 often signal deteriorating market liquidity. Unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 positions flow through earnings or other comprehensive income, so large swings deserve scrutiny. For financial institutions, examine the sensitivity disclosures that show how Level 3 valuations change under alternative assumptions. Compare the fair value of debt against its carrying amount to gauge hidden leverage.