Note 13. Stock Based Compensation

 

The Company has established a Company an incentive plan, 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”). The plan grants incentives to select persons who can make, are making and continue to make substantial contributions to the growth and success of the Company, to attract and retain the employment and services of such persons and to encourage and reward such contributions by providing these individuals with an opportunity to acquire or increase stock ownership in the Company through either the grant of options or restructured stock. The 2019 Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee or such other committee as is appointed by the Board of Directors pursuant to the 2019 Plan (the “Committee”). The Committee has full authority to administer and interpret the provisions of the 2019 Plan including, but not limited to, the authority to make all determinations with regard to the terms and conditions of an award made under the 2019 Plan. On February 8, 2021, the Shareholders consented, and the Board of Directors approved, the amendment of the 2019 Plan to increase the maximum number of Shares that may be issued thereunder by 138,889 Shares to 277,778 Shares. On May 24, 2022, the Shareholders consented, and the Board of Directors approved the amendment of the 2019 Plan to increase the maximum number of Shares that may be issued thereunder by 222,222 Shares to 500,000 Shares. On September 18, 2024, the Company filed a Certificate of Change with the Nevada Secretary of State to effect a reverse stock split of its common stock at a rate of 1-for-20 (the “Reverse Stock Split”), which became effective as of October 3, 2024 (the “Effective Date”). The Reverse Stock Split was approved by the Board of Directors in accordance with Nevada law. Concurrently, the Company’s shareholders consented to, and the Board of Directors approved, an amendment of the 2019 Plan to increase the maximum number of Shares that may be issued thereunder to 500,000 Shares, as adjusted for the 1 for 20 reverse stock split. Additionally, subsequent to a vote that was approved by shareholders, the 2019 Plan was amended to increase the number of shares issuable pursuant to awards granted under the 2019 Plan from 500,000 shares to 10,000,000 shares.

 

The Board of Directors of the Company may from time to time, in its discretion grant to directors, officers, consultants and employees of the Company, non-transferable options to purchase common shares. The options are exercisable for a period of up to 10 years from the date of the grant.

 

The following table reflects the activity of stock options for the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

 

A summary of stock option activity is as follows:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted

 

 

Average

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

Remaining

 

 

Aggregated

 

 

 

Options

 

 

Exercise

 

 

Contractual

 

 

Intrinsic

 

 

 

Outstanding

 

 

Price

 

 

Life (Years)

 

 

Value

 

Outstanding at June 30, 2023

 

 

241,964

 

 

$66.20

 

 

 

6.23

 

 

$1,342,280

 

Granted

 

 

23,900

 

 

 

26.59

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

Forfeited or Cancelled

 

 

(65,150 )

 

 

79.56

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

Outstanding at June 30, 2024

 

 

200,714

 

 

$57.40

 

 

 

5.83

 

 

$0.00

 

Granted

 

 

620,000

 

 

 

2.36

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

Forfeited or Cancelled

 

 

(192,083)

 

 

55.13

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

Exercised

 

 

(7,278)

 

 

3.46

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

Outstanding at June 30, 2025

 

 

621,353

 

 

$3.39

 

 

 

5.66

 

 

$374,500

 

Options exercisable at June 30, 2025 (vested)

 

 

600,311

 

 

 

3.42

 

 

 

5.52

 

 

 

374,500

 

Options exercisable at June 30, 2024 (vested)

 

 

196,972

 

 

 

58.20

 

 

 

5.85

 

 

 

0.00

 

 

The average fair value of stock options granted was estimated to be $2.36 per share for the period ended June 30, 2025, and the closing stock price on June 30, 2025, was $2.98 per common share.

The average fair value of stock options granted was estimated to be $3.40 per share for the period ended June 30, 2024, and the closing stock price on June 30, 2024, was $7.20 per common share.

 

Stock-based compensation expense attributable to stock options was approximately $1,409,916 and $957,095 for the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of June 30, 2025, there was approximately $59,000 unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock options outstanding, and the weighted average vesting period for those options was approximately 0.28 years.

 

The value of each grant is estimated at the grant date using the Black-Scholes option model with the following assumptions for options granted during the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

 

 

 

June 30, 2025

 

 

June 30, 2024

 

Dividend rate

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

Risk free interest rate

 

3.95%-4.61

 

3.95%-4.53

Expected term

 

5-10

 

 

 

5

 

Expected volatility

 

146%-151

 

58%-107

Grant date stock price

 

$

 2.28-3.46

 

 

$

   0.53– 1.47

 

 

The basis for the above assumptions are as follows: the dividend rate is based upon the Company’s history of dividends; the risk-free interest rate for periods within the expected term of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant; the expected term was calculated based on the Company’s historical pattern of options granted and the period of time they are expected to be outstanding; and expected volatility was calculated based upon historical trends in the Company’s stock prices.

 

Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Based on historical experience of forfeitures, the Company estimated forfeitures at 0% for each of the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. In the year ended June 30, 2025, in light of the 1-20 reverse split, certain grants were cancelled and re-issued. The estimate of forfeitures relating to terminations is still 0%.

 

There were 9,027,903 shares available for issuance as of June 30, 2025, under the 2019 Plan as amended. The Plan contains an “evergreen” provision pursuant to which shares authorized for issuance may be automatically replenished. 

 

Restricted Stock Units

 

Stock-based compensation from RSUs was approximately $696,946 for the year ended June 30, 2025 and $212,748 for the year ended June 30, 2024.

 

Pursuant to the 2019 Plan, restricted stock units may be granted. As of June 30, 2025, there was approximately $363,000 of unrecognized compensation expense related to 188,584 restricted stock units. The weighted-average term remaining on the unvested shares was approximately 0.48 years.

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value

 

Outstanding as of June 30, 2023

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

Granted

 

 

12,500

 

 

$12.69

 

Cancelled or Forfeited

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

Vested

 

 

(5,000)

 

$17.00

 

Outstanding as of June 30, 2024

 

 

7,500

 

 

 

9.82

 

Granted

 

 

447,000

 

 

 

2.86

 

Cancelled or Forfeited

 

 

(130,000)

 

 

3.37

 

Issued

 

 

(102,583)

 

 

3.53

 

Outstanding as of June 30, 2025

 

 

221,917

 

 

$2.48

 

 

At June 30, 2025, there were approximately 33,333 vested RSUs that are included in the 221,917 RSU’s outstanding above as they are not included in the Company’s issued and outstanding common stock.   

 

The components of the stock compensation are as follows:

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock option amortization

 

$1,409,916

 

 

$957,095

 

Restricted stock units amortization

 

 

696,946

 

 

 

212,748

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total stock based compensation

 

$2,106,862

 

 

$1,169,843

 

About Stock Compensation Disclosures

Stock-based compensation disclosures detail the equity awards granted to employees and executives — including stock options, restricted stock units (RSUs), and performance shares — along with the valuation methods and assumptions used to expense them. This section reveals the true cost of talent retention and the alignment between management incentives and shareholder interests.

Key signals: total unrecognized compensation expense and its expected recognition period signal future earnings headwinds from already-granted awards. For stock options, examine Black-Scholes assumptions — expected volatility, risk-free rate, and expected term — as understating any of these reduces reported compensation expense. Compare stock compensation expense as a percentage of revenue against peers to assess dilution cost. Watch vesting schedules for acceleration clauses tied to change-of-control events. Performance-based awards with undemanding targets may indicate weak governance. Add back stock compensation to operating cash flow to calculate a more conservative free cash flow figure.