Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
As a result of the change in reportable segments disclosed in Note 1, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies," goodwill was reallocated amongst segments. This reallocation and changes in the carrying value of goodwill by reportable segment during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:
(in millions)Water
Infrastructure
Applied WaterMeasurement and Control SolutionsWater Solutions and ServicesTotal
Balance as of December 31, 2023$2,434 $895 $1,739 $2,519 $7,587 
Reallocation(287)— (64)351 — 
Balance as of January 1, 20242,147 895 1,675 2,870 7,587 
Activity in 2024
Acquisitions (a)15 — 521 537 
Foreign currency and other(64)(11)(33)(36)(144)
Balance as of December 31, 2024$2,098 $884 $2,163 $2,835 $7,980 
Activity in 2025
Acquisitions (a)76   38 114 
Reclassification to assets held for sale (b)  (20) (20)
Foreign currency and other90 21 127 20 258 
Balance as of December 31, 2025$2,264 $905 $2,270 $2,893 $8,332 
(a)    See Note 3, "Acquisitions and Divestitures," for additional information.
(b) Relates to reclassification of goodwill allocated for the International Metering Business divestiture. See Note 3, "Acquisitions and Divestitures," for additional information.
As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, goodwill included accumulated impairment losses of $206 million, within the Water Solutions and Services segment.
The Company has applied the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805 and recognized assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their fair value as of the date of acquisition, with the excess purchase consideration recorded to goodwill. We have allocated goodwill to segments of the Company that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the acquisitions.
During the fourth quarter of 2025, we performed our annual impairment assessment and determined that the estimated fair values of our goodwill reporting units were in excess of each of their carrying values. However, future goodwill impairment tests could result in a charge to earnings. We will continue to evaluate goodwill on an annual basis as of the beginning of our fourth quarter and whenever events and changes in circumstances indicate there may be a potential impairment.
During the second quarter of 2025, the Company modified its reporting unit structure in connection with changes in how management monitors and evaluates the business. Prior to this change, the Water Infrastructure segment consisted of a single reporting unit, and the Water Solutions and Services segment consisted of three reporting units: Integrated Solutions and Services, Dewatering, and Assessment Services. Following the reorganization, the Water Infrastructure segment is comprised of two reporting units—Transport and Treatment—and the Water Solutions and Services segment is comprised of two reporting units—Water Solutions and Services excluding Dewatering and Dewatering.
As a result of the change in reporting units, the Company reassigned goodwill to the affected reporting units using a relative fair value allocation methodology. The change in reporting units constituted a triggering event under ASC 350, "Intangibles—Goodwill and Other," requiring the Company to perform an interim goodwill impairment test for the impacted reporting units prior to the reassignment. No impairment was identified as a result of this testing.
Other Intangible Assets
Information regarding our other intangible assets is as follows:
December 31, 2025December 31, 2024
(in millions)Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Intangibles
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Intangibles
Customer and distributor relationships$2,180 $(688)$1,492 $2,151 $(576)$1,575 
Proprietary technology and patents430 (185)245 360 (138)222 
Trademarks183 (126)57 182 (107)75 
Software (a)644 (431)213 595 (367)228 
Other153 (56)97 194 (79)115 
Indefinite-lived intangibles168  168 164 — 164 
Other intangibles$3,758 $(1,486)$2,272 $3,646 $(1,267)$2,379 
(a)Includes capitalized software developed as a product or service offered directly to external customers. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, we had net capitalized software used in sales and services to external customers of $175 million and $185 million, respectively.
We determined that no impairment of the indefinite-lived intangibles existed as of the measurement date of our impairment assessment in 2025. Future impairment tests could result in a charge to earnings. We will continue to evaluate the indefinite-lived intangible assets on an annual basis as of the beginning of our fourth quarter and whenever events and changes in circumstances indicate there may be a potential impairment.
During 2025, we recognized $1 million in impairment charges for internally developed software within our Water Infrastructure segment, $2 million within our Measurement and Control Solutions segment and $3 million within our Water Solutions and Services segment. We also recognized a $2 million impairment charge for software within Corporate and other.
During 2024, we recognized $13 million in impairment charges primarily related to customer relationships and trademarks due to restructuring actions within our Water Solutions and Services segment. We also recognized a $1 million impairment charge for internally developed software within Corporate and other.
During 2023, we recognized $3 million in impairment charges, primarily related to software within our Measurement and Control Solutions segment.
The asset impairment charges above were calculated using an income approach, which is considered a Level 3 input for fair value measurement.
Customer and distributor relationships, proprietary technology and patents, trademarks, software and other are amortized over weighted average lives of approximately 16 years, 8 years, 11 years, 10 years and 8 years, respectively.
Total amortization expense for intangible assets was $308 million, $304 million, and $243 million for 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Estimated amortization expense for each of the five succeeding years is as follows:
(in millions)
2026$293 
2027260 
2028241 
2029216 
2030195 
Thereafter899 
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Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 25, 2026Showing above
2024Mar 3, 2025
2023Feb 28, 2024
2022Feb 24, 2023
2021Feb 25, 2022
2020Feb 26, 2021
2019Feb 28, 2020
2018Feb 22, 2019
2017Feb 23, 2018
2016Feb 23, 2017
2015Feb 26, 2016

About Goodwill & Intangibles Disclosures

Goodwill and intangible asset disclosures reveal the premium paid in acquisitions and how management assesses whether that premium retains its value. Since goodwill is no longer amortized under US GAAP, the annual impairment test is the only mechanism that adjusts carrying values downward — making the assumptions behind that test critically important for investors.

Key signals: a history of goodwill impairments suggests management consistently overpays for acquisitions. Watch the gap between reporting unit fair value and carrying amount — when fair value exceeds carrying amount by less than 10-20%, a small decline in business performance could trigger a write-down. For finite-lived intangibles, examine useful life assumptions across customer relationships, technology, and trade names; aggressive estimates inflate near-term earnings. Compare total intangibles-to-total-assets ratios against peers to assess acquisition dependency. Rising goodwill as a percentage of equity can signal balance sheet fragility.