Goodwill and intangible assets, net
Goodwill
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment were as follows:
(In millions)
Building Materials
Building Envelope
Total
Balance as of January 1, 2024
$5,042
$3,928
$8,970
Acquisitions
5
98
103
Foreign currency translation adjustment and other
(156)
(156)
Balance as of December 31, 2024
$4,891
$4,026
$8,917
Acquisitions
17
17
Foreign currency translation adjustment and other(1)
86
86
Balance as of December 31, 2025
$4,994
$4,026
$9,020
__________________
(1)Includes measurement period adjustments.
For the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company elected to bypass the optional qualitative goodwill
impairment assessment allowed by ASC Topic 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other, and performed a
quantitative goodwill impairment assessment for each reporting unit. For the years ended December 31, 2024
and 2023, the Company performed a qualitative goodwill impairment assessment for the Building Materials
reporting unit. Due to the recency of acquisitions within the Building Envelope segment, the Company
performed a quantitative impairment test for the reporting units for each year ended December 31, 2024 and
2023. Based upon the results of the qualitative and quantitative assessments, the Company concluded that
the fair values of each of its reporting units were greater than their carrying values for all years presented.
There have been no historical goodwill impairment losses recognized by the Company.
Intangible assets, net
As of December 31, 2025
(In millions)
Gross carrying amount
Accumulated amortization
Total intangible assets, net
Customer relationships
$1,649
$(399)
$1,250
Mining rights
256
(57)
199
Developed technology
182
(65)
117
Software
83
(77)
6
Trade names and trademarks
226
(87)
139
Other intangible assets
101
(84)
17
Intangible assets
$2,497
$(769)
$1,728
As of December 31, 2024
(In millions)
Gross carrying amount
Accumulated amortization
Total intangible assets, net
Customer relationships
$1,626
$(311)
$1,315
Mining rights
252
(51)
201
Developed technology
177
(45)
132
Software
81
(75)
6
Trade names and trademarks
230
(76)
154
Other intangible assets
103
(79)
24
Intangible assets
$2,469
$(637)
$1,832
Amortization of long-lived intangible assets was $142 million, $139 million and $162 million for the years
ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and is included within Cost of revenues and Selling,
general and administrative expenses on the consolidated statements of operations. The Company does not
have any indefinite-lived intangible assets other than goodwill.
The estimated future amortization of long-lived intangible assets is as follows:
(In millions)
2026
$144
2027
141
2028
137
2029
132
2030
121
Thereafter
1,053
Total
$1,728

About Goodwill & Intangibles Disclosures

Goodwill and intangible asset disclosures reveal the premium paid in acquisitions and how management assesses whether that premium retains its value. Since goodwill is no longer amortized under US GAAP, the annual impairment test is the only mechanism that adjusts carrying values downward — making the assumptions behind that test critically important for investors.

Key signals: a history of goodwill impairments suggests management consistently overpays for acquisitions. Watch the gap between reporting unit fair value and carrying amount — when fair value exceeds carrying amount by less than 10-20%, a small decline in business performance could trigger a write-down. For finite-lived intangibles, examine useful life assumptions across customer relationships, technology, and trade names; aggressive estimates inflate near-term earnings. Compare total intangibles-to-total-assets ratios against peers to assess acquisition dependency. Rising goodwill as a percentage of equity can signal balance sheet fragility.