13.Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings

The Company currently is, and from time to time might again become, involved in litigation arising in the normal course of business.

Litigation is necessary to defend the Company. The results of any current or future complex litigation matters cannot be predicted with certainty, and regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact because of defense and settlement costs, distraction of management and resources, and other factors. Additionally, these matters may change in the future as the litigation and factual discovery unfolds. Legal fees are expensed as incurred. Insurance recoveries associated with legal costs incurred are recorded when they are received.

The Company assesses whether there is a reasonable possibility that a loss, or additional losses beyond those already accrued, may be incurred (“Material Loss”). If there is a reasonable possibility that a Material Loss may be incurred, the Company discloses an estimate or range of the amount of loss, either individually or in the aggregate, or discloses that an estimate of loss cannot be made. If a Material Loss occurs due to an unfavorable outcome in any legal matter, this may have an adverse effect on the consolidated financial position, results of operations, and liquidity of the Company. The Company records a provision for each liability when determined to be probable, and the amount of the loss may be reasonably estimated. These provisions are reviewed annually and adjusted as additional information becomes available. Management, after consultation with legal counsel, believes that the outcome of these proceedings will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results from operations or liquidity. The actual amounts from the resolution of these matters could vary from management’s estimate.

Disney Litigation and the Preliminary Injunction

On December 12, 2016, the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California granted a preliminary injunction against the Company (formerly VidAngel) for copyright infringement and Digital Millennium Copyright Act (“DMCA”) violations involving works from Disney Enterprises, Inc., Lucasfilm Ltd., Twentieth Century Fox Corporation, Warner Bros. Entertainment, Inc., and their subsidiaries. The plaintiffs alleged that the Company unlawfully decrypted and infringed 819 titles. In 2019, the court granted the Plaintiff’s motion for partial summary judgment on liability, and a jury trial resulted in a $62.4 million award, including $61.4 million for willful copyright infringement ($75,000 per title) and $1.0 million for DMCA violations ($1,000 per title). A judgment was entered in September 2019, with plaintiffs also seeking costs and attorneys' fees.

In August 2020, the Company entered into a settlement agreement with the plaintiffs as part of its reorganization plan (“Reorganization Plan”), effectively resolving the litigation. Among other things, the plan allowed the Company to continue as a going concern, ensuring full payment to creditors while equity holders retained their interests. The Company committed to not infringing the studios' copyrights, including prohibitions on decrypting, reproducing, streaming, or distributing their works. Additionally, the Company agreed not to sue the studios or lobby to amend the Family Movie Act for 14 years and dismissed its appeal.

Under the settlement, the Company was to pay $9.9 million over 14 years or a discounted $7.8 million within five years, with a $62.5 million promissory note remaining outstanding but cancellable upon full compliance and no breaches (limited to fewer than four unauthorized uses in any consecutive five-year period). The Company elected the five-year option and fully repaid the $7.8 million by September 30, 2025.

The foregoing summary of certain provisions of the Reorganization Plan and related settlement agreement are not complete and are subject to and qualified in their entirety by reference to the Reorganization Plan and Disney Settlement Agreement, copies of which can be found in the Angel Legacy Report on Form 1-U filed on September 15, 2020, under “Item 2.1, Exhibits,” and the terms of which are incorporated by reference herein.

Mergers and Acquisitions

In July 2022, the Company purchased an 8.0% interest in an entity that is partially owned by one or more of the Company’s directors, officers, and stockholders. This entity produces content for the Company’s platforms. The total purchase price was $1.7 million. In August 2023, the Company entered into negotiations to acquire this entity in full. While negotiations are ongoing, the Company agreed to fund the operations of the entity. The Company funded a total of $4.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2024. During the year ended December 31, 2025 the Company funded an additional $3.9 million related to supporting operations of the entity which was expensed by the Company.

In May 2025, the Company agreed to purchase the IP for Sketch for $6.0 million from Wonder Project Inc. for $6.0 million in cash; $2.0 million each is to be paid on or before May 31, 2025, June 30, 2025, and July 31, 2025.  The purchase is now complete and the final payment has been completed. With this purchase, Angel Studios now controls the rights, title, and interest in the film, including any subsequent productions.

In October 2025, the Company entered into a Term Sheet with 2521 that sets forth the principal terms and conditions governing the joint venture between the JV Partners, through Giant Slayer Media. The Term Sheet, pursuant to its terms, became binding on October 7, 2025, upon the execution of that certain Asset Purchase Agreement by and between Slingshot and Giant Slayer Media, also dated as of October 7, 2025. Under the Term Sheet, and by means of the Asset Purchase Agreement, Giant Slayer Media will acquire substantially all of the assets of Slingshot related to the animated feature film, DAVID, the associated works and certain other ancillary rights and obligations. The Company does not have a majority of voting interest or a controlling financial interest in Giant Slayer.  The Company does, however, have significant influence over the decisions made by Giant Slayer.  As such, the Company will not consolidate Giant Slayer and will treat its investment as an equity method investment.  Pursuant to the Term Sheet, the Company contributed $31,366,686 and 2521 contributed $46,550,473 in cash to the JV. Moreover, the Company was also credited, as a capital contribution, an amount equal to $2,342,277 on account of a previous investment, which resulted in the Company’s total initial capital contribution of $33,708,963. Following the cash contributions by the JV Partners, the equity split in the JV is 42% to the Company and 58% to 2521.

On November 14, 2025, we entered into an agreement and plan of merger (“Homestead Merger Agreement”) pursuant to which we will acquire directly or indirectly all of the equity interests of Black Autumn Show, Inc. (“Black Autumn”), which owns the rights to the

Homestead movie and series. Under the terms of the Homestead Merger Agreement, if the merger is completed, at the effective time of the merger, the following consideration will be payable: at the effective time, each holder of issued and outstanding shares of Black Autumn Stock will be entitled to receive (a) that number of shares of our Class A Common Stock equal to (i)(A) the Homestead Per Share Merger Consideration multiplied by (B) the number of shares of Black Autumn Common Stock, par value $0.00001 per share, Black Autumn Series A-1 Preferred Stock, par value $0.00001 per share, Black Autumn Series A-CF Preferred Stock, par value $0.00001 per share and Black Autumn Series Seed Preferred Stock, par value $0.00001 per share, held by such holder as of immediately prior to the effective time, divided by (ii) $6.13, plus (b) such holder’s Homestead Pro Rata Share of the Homestead Royalty Shares. All capitalized terms used in this paragraph are used as defined in the Homestead Merger Agreement, which is attached as an exhibit to this Form 10-K.

On November 14, 2025, we entered into an agreement and plan of merger (“TCP Merger Agreement”) pursuant to which we will acquire directly or indirectly all of the equity interests of Toothy Cow Productions, LLC. (“TCP”), which owns the rights to the Wingfeather Saga series. Under the terms of the TCP Merger Agreement, if the merger is completed, at the effective time of the merger, the following consideration will be payable: at the effective time, all of the issued and outstanding common units of membership interests of TCP (the “TCP Common Units”), preferred unit of membership interests of TCP designated as Class A Preferred Units (the “TCP Class A Preferred Units”), and preferred unit of membership interests of TCP designated as Class B Preferred Units (the “TCP Class B Preferred Units,” and, collectively with the TCP Common Units and the TCP Class B Preferred Units, the “TCP Units”) will be cancelled and extinguished and converted automatically into the right to receive a portion of the TCP Aggregate Stock Consideration. With respect to holders of TCP Units, the TCP Aggregate Stock Consideration is equal to (a) the TCP Stock Consideration Per Common Unit, multiplied by (b) the number of shares of TCP Units held by such holder as of immediately prior to the TCP Closing; with respect to holders of TCP Class A Preferred Units, the TCP Aggregate Stock Consideration is equal to (a) the TCP Stock Consideration Per Class A Preferred Unit, multiplied by (b) the number of shares of TCP Class A Preferred Units held by such holder as of immediately prior to the TCP Closing; and with respect to holders of TCP Class B Preferred Units, the TCP Aggregate Stock Consideration is equal to (a) the TCP Stock Consideration Per Class B Preferred Unit, multiplied by (b) the number of shares of TCP Class B Preferred Units held by such holder as of immediately prior to the TCP Closing. All capitalized terms used in this paragraph are used as defined in the TCP Merger Agreement, which is attached as an exhibit to this Form 10-K.

On November 14, 2025, we entered into an agreement and plan of merger (“TTS Merger Agreement”) pursuant to which we will acquire directly or indirectly all of the equity interests of Tuttle Twins Show, LLC. (“TTS”), which owns the rights to the Tuttle Twins series. Under the terms of the TTS Merger Agreement, if the merger is completed, at the effective time of the merger, the following consideration will be payable: at the Effective Time, all of the issued and outstanding common units of membership interests of TTS (the “TTS Common Units”) and preferred units of membership interests of TTS (the “TTS Preferred Units,” and, together with the TTS Common Units, the “TTS Units”) will be cancelled and extinguished and converted automatically into the right to receive the TTS Merger Consideration, consisting of, as applicable, (a) for TTS Investors, an amount in cash equal to the TTS Investor Per Unit Cash Consideration and a number of shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock equal to the TTS Investor Per Unit Stock Consideration, (b) for TTS Key Operators, a number of shares of Company Class A Common Stock equal to the TTS Key Operator Per Unit Stock Consideration. All capitalized terms used in this paragraph are used as defined in the TTS Merger Agreement, which is attached as an exhibit to this Form 10-K.

Operating Leases

The Company has several non-cancelable office, warehouse, and server leases that mature between May 31, 2027, and March 31, 2029, with monthly payments that escalate between 3.0%-5.0% each year.

The following represents maturities of operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2025:

Year Ending December 31:

  ​ ​ ​

Amount

2026

 

1,502,232

2027

 

1,385,212

2028

699,970

2029

101,100

Total Lease Payments

 

3,688,514

Less: Interest

 

(345,182)

Present value of lease liabilities

$

3,343,332

The weighted average remaining lease terms and interest rates were as follows as of December 31, 2025:

Lease Term and Discount Rate

  ​ ​ ​

2025

Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (years)

 

  ​

Operating leases

 

2.5

Weighted Average Discount Rate

 

  ​

Operating leases

 

7.32

%

Lease expense for operating lease liabilities was $1.1 million, $0.9 million and $0.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and included in general and administrative expenses on the consolidated statements of operations.

Cash payments included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 were $1.1 million, $0.8 million and $0.7 million, respectively.

ASC 460 Loan Guarantees

The Company has agreed to various loan guarantees as of December 31, 2025. These guarantees could result in obligations if the related parties default on their loans. In accordance with ASC 460, Guarantees, the Company evaluated whether a liability needed to be recognized for each guarantee at the time the guarantees were issued. Based on the Company’s assessment under ASC 460, no liability or corresponding receivable was recorded. The Company concluded that the likelihood of making payments under these guarantees is remote, and as such, no recognition was necessary. These guarantees remain disclosed as potential obligations, but no liability has been recognized as of December 31, 2025.

The Company’s maximum exposure under all ASC 460 guarantees, if all related parties were to default and no recovery could be made, is $4.8 million, plus related interest, which include loans with a 20% fixed rate or a 20% variable APR. The obligations behind these guarantees are all expected to be paid during 2026.

Health Plan Obligations

The Company maintains a partially self-funded, level-funded health plan for employees. Monthly charges consist of fixed Claims Funding and Premium/Admin/Stop-Loss fees, which are recorded as expense when billed. Claims are paid by the plan administrator from the funded account, and the Company is not responsible for claims exceeding stop-loss coverage. Due to the plan’s design, no additional liability for unpaid or incurred-but-not-reported claims has been recorded.

Class C Common Stock Contractual Adjustment

During 2023, one of the Company’s investors purchased 2,829,934 shares of its Class A Common Stock.  As part of the agreement, the total shares purchased would be adjusted to 4,508,813 shares of Class A Common Stock if each of the below events occurred::

1.If gross revenues of the Company in 2023, 2024 or 2025 was less than $100.0 million; and
2.If a material and adverse change occurs to one of the Company’s distribution agreements that results in a reduction in revenue of at least 20.0% relative to the revenue that would have otherwise been entitled if not for the material change.

During 2025, the Company determined that both of these triggering events had occurred, and the additional shares have been issued and recorded.  

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Mar 12, 2026Showing above
2024Apr 15, 2025

About Commitments Disclosures

Commitments and contingencies disclosures catalog a company's off-balance-sheet obligations and legal exposures — purchase commitments, guarantee arrangements, pending litigation, and regulatory proceedings. These items represent potential future cash outflows that may not appear as liabilities on the balance sheet until they become probable and estimable.

Key signals: litigation reserves and disclosed loss ranges quantify management's estimate of legal exposure, but unquantified "reasonably possible" losses often represent the larger risk. Watch for changes in language around pending cases — shifts from "remote" to "reasonably possible" or increases in estimated loss ranges signal deteriorating outcomes. Unconditional purchase obligations and take-or-pay contracts create fixed cost structures that reduce operational flexibility. Guarantee arrangements for subsidiaries or joint ventures can create cascading obligations. Compare the total commitment schedule against projected free cash flow to assess whether the company can meet its obligations without additional financing.