Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets as follows:
Buildings
4 to 40 years
Building improvements
3 to 20 years
Machinery and equipment
1 to 20 years
Leasehold improvementsLesser of remaining term of the lease or useful life
Software
2 to 10 years
As of September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, property, plant and equipment at cost and accumulated depreciation were as follows:
(in thousands)September 30, 2025September 30, 2024
Land$29,766 $29,401 
Buildings and related improvements217,894 192,569 
Machinery and equipment701,220 596,748 
Leasehold improvements22,116 22,814 
Software64,371 57,363 
Construction in progress107,758 248,128 
Property, plant and equipment, at cost1,143,125 1,147,023 
Accumulated depreciation(548,859)(494,930)
Property, plant and equipment, net$594,266 $652,093 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Nov 26, 2025Showing above
2024Nov 21, 2024
2023Nov 17, 2023
2022Nov 18, 2022
2021Nov 18, 2021
2020Nov 19, 2020
2019Nov 22, 2019
2018Nov 28, 2018
2017Nov 29, 2017
2016Nov 29, 2016

About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.