Property, Plant and Equipment at December 31 are as follows:
(In thousands)20252024
Land$8,902 $8,551 
Building and Improvements83,482 72,150 
Machinery and Equipment131,610 125,874 
Construction in Progress19,616 3,997 
Total Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross243,610 210,572 
Less Accumulated Depreciation136,532 129,885 
Total Property, Plant and Equipment, Net$107,078 $80,687 

About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.