Property, plant and equipment, net consisted of the following:

   
December 31, 2025
   
December 31, 2024
 
             
At cost:
           
Plant and building
 
$
14,497,063
   
$
13,856,845
 
Land
   
1,063,270
     
1,063,270
 
Machinery and equipment
   
4,620,424
     
3,575,885
 
Leasehold improvement
   
924,396
     
1,545,417
 
Office equipment
   
2,152,609
     
2,497,514
 
Motor vehicles
   
1,321,308
     
1,412,266
 
Construction in progress
   
117,415
     
418,340
 
Total
   
24,696,485
     
24,369,537
 
Less: accumulated depreciation
   
(7,703,231
)
   
(6,019,046
)
Impairment
   
(1,076,529
)
   
(949,485
)
Property, plant and equipment, net
   
15,916,725
     
17,401,006
 
Less: property, plants and equipment, net, held for discontinued operations
   
-
     
-
 
Property, plants and equipment, net, held for continuing operations
 
$
15,916,725
   
$
17,401,006
 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Apr 15, 2026Showing above
2024Apr 1, 2025
2023Apr 1, 2024
2022Jun 30, 2023

About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.