Commitments and Contingencies
We are a party to various litigation and legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business that we believe, based on advice of counsel, will not either individually or in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

During 2017 and 2019, the EPA granted the Cheyenne, Wyoming refinery (the “Cheyenne Refinery”) and the refinery in Woods Cross, Utah (the “Woods Cross Refinery”) each a one-year small refinery exemption from the Renewable Fuel Standard (“RFS”) program requirements for the 2016 and 2018 compliance years. As a result, the Cheyenne Refinery’s and Woods Cross Refinery’s gasoline and diesel production were not subject to the renewable volume obligation for the respective years. Upon each exemption granted, we increased our inventory of RINs and reduced our Cost of sales. On April 7, 2022, the EPA issued a decision reversing the grant of small refinery exemptions for our Woods Cross Refinery and Cheyenne Refinery for the 2018 compliance year. On June 3, 2022, the EPA issued a decision reversing the grant of small refinery exemptions for our Woods Cross Refinery and Cheyenne Refinery for the 2016 compliance year and denying small refinery exemption petitions for our Woods Cross Refinery and Cheyenne Refinery for the 2019 and 2020 compliance years.
Certain of our subsidiaries pursued legal challenges to the EPA’s decisions to deny small refinery exemptions for the 2016, 2018, 2019 and 2020 compliance years. The first lawsuit, filed against the EPA on May 6, 2022, before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit (the “DC Circuit”), sought to have the EPA’s reversal of our 2018 small refinery exemption petitions overturned. The second lawsuit, filed against the EPA on August 5, 2022, before the DC Circuit, sought to have the EPA’s reversal of our 2016 small refinery exemption petitions overturned and to have the EPA’s denial of our 2019 and 2020 small refinery exemption petitions reversed.

In addition, for both the 2016 and 2018 compliance years, pursuant to the June 2022 and April 2022 decisions, the EPA established an alternative compliance demonstration for small refineries pursuant to which the EPA is not imposing any obligations for the small refineries whose exemptions were reversed. On June 24, 2022, Growth Energy filed two lawsuits in the DC Circuit against the EPA, challenging the alternative compliance demonstration for the 2016 and 2018 compliance years. On July 25, 2022, certain of our subsidiaries intervened on behalf of the EPA to aid the defense of the EPA’s alternative compliance demonstration.

On July 26, 2024, the DC Circuit issued a favorable decision vacating the EPA’s denial of all of our small refinery exemption petitions, finding the denial to be unlawful. The DC Circuit remanded the small refinery exemption petitions to the EPA for new determination. The DC Circuit also upheld the alternative compliance demonstration and denied Growth Energy’s challenge.

On August 22, 2025, the EPA granted, in whole or in part, small refinery exemption petitions for our Woods Cross Refinery, our Cheyenne Refinery, our refinery in Casper, Wyoming (the “Casper Refinery”), and our refinery in Sinclair, Wyoming (the “Parco Refinery”) for various compliance years from 2019 to 2024. The EPA also denied, in whole or in part, small refinery exemption petitions for the Cheyenne Refinery, the Woods Cross Refinery, the Casper Refinery, and the Parco Refinery for various compliance years from 2019 to 2024.

In October 2025, certain of our subsidiaries filed lawsuits in the DC Circuit to overturn the EPA’s August 2025 denials and other actions.

On November 7, 2025, the EPA granted in whole small refinery exemption petitions for our refinery in Tulsa, Oklahoma (the “Tulsa East Refinery”) for compliance years 2023 and 2024. The EPA also granted partial exemptions for 12 small refinery exemption petitions from other refining companies and denied two petitions. On December 11, 2025, the Renewable Fuels Association filed a lawsuit in the DC Circuit to overturn the EPA’s November 2025 grants. On January 8, 2026, the DC Circuit consolidated the Renewable Fuels Association’s lawsuit with ours and other petitioners’ lawsuits regarding the EPA’s August 2025 exemption decisions. On January 12, 2026, certain of our subsidiaries filed a motion to intervene in the lawsuit to defend the EPA’s grant of our small refinery exemption petitions.

These lawsuits remain pending, and we are unable to estimate the costs we may incur, if any, at this time.

In January 2026, a fuel‑contamination incident at one of our product terminals in Colorado impacted certain of our branded and unbranded customers. We are currently unable to estimate the costs we may incur related to this incident at this time.

Contractual Commitments
We have various long-term agreements entered into in the normal course of business to purchase crude oil, natural gas, feedstocks and other resources to ensure we have adequate supplies to operate our refineries. The substantial majority of our purchase obligations are based on market prices or rates. These contracts expire between 2026 and 2031.

We also have long-term agreements with third parties for the transportation and storage of crude oil, natural gas and feedstocks to our refineries and for terminal and storage services that expire through 2038. Transportation and storage fees incurred under these agreements totaled $255 million, $238 million and $201 million for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The obligations described above are not associated with suppliers’ financing arrangements and are not reflected as liabilities.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 27, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 20, 2025
2023Feb 21, 2024
2022Feb 28, 2023

About Commitments Disclosures

Commitments and contingencies disclosures catalog a company's off-balance-sheet obligations and legal exposures — purchase commitments, guarantee arrangements, pending litigation, and regulatory proceedings. These items represent potential future cash outflows that may not appear as liabilities on the balance sheet until they become probable and estimable.

Key signals: litigation reserves and disclosed loss ranges quantify management's estimate of legal exposure, but unquantified "reasonably possible" losses often represent the larger risk. Watch for changes in language around pending cases — shifts from "remote" to "reasonably possible" or increases in estimated loss ranges signal deteriorating outcomes. Unconditional purchase obligations and take-or-pay contracts create fixed cost structures that reduce operational flexibility. Guarantee arrangements for subsidiaries or joint ventures can create cascading obligations. Compare the total commitment schedule against projected free cash flow to assess whether the company can meet its obligations without additional financing.