16. Segment Information

The Company manages its operations as a single operating segment for the purposes of assessing performance and making operating decisions. The Company’s singular focus is on discovering and developing small molecule drugs with an emphasis on virology and immunology. The Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) is the Company’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”). The CODM reviews consolidated operating results and utilizes net loss from the Statement of Operations against budget forecasts as the primary measure of segment profit or loss in making decisions surrounding allocating resources and assessing performance of the Company. The CODM is regularly provided detailed expense information, including expenses by expense category and program. The CODM makes decisions surrounding capital and personnel allocation using this information on a consolidated basis. Asset information on a reportable segment basis is not disclosed as this information is not separately identified and internally reported to the Company’s CODM. The CODM is regularly provided information on total cash, which is inclusive of cash, cash equivalents and short-term marketable securities, as a measure of segment assets. As of September 30, 2025, the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and short-term marketable securities were $188,864. The following table presents selected financial information with respect to the Company’s single operating segment for the years ended September 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):

 

 

Years Ended September 30,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Revenue

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Royalty revenue

 

$

65,324

 

 

$

67,635

 

 

$

78,204

 

License revenue

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,000

 

Total revenue

 

 

65,324

 

 

 

67,635

 

 

 

79,204

 

Operating expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

RSV

 

 

59,808

 

 

 

86,367

 

 

 

78,120

 

COVID-19

 

 

587

 

 

 

4,625

 

 

 

66,082

 

HBV

 

 

152

 

 

 

371

 

 

 

6,974

 

Total virology

 

 

60,547

 

 

 

91,363

 

 

 

151,176

 

KIT

 

 

18,052

 

 

 

19,822

 

 

 

 

STAT6

 

 

16,614

 

 

 

4,691

 

 

 

 

Total immunology

 

 

34,666

 

 

 

24,513

 

 

 

 

Early discovery

 

 

11,328

 

 

 

14,995

 

 

 

8,253

 

Other programs for out-licensing

 

 

199

 

 

 

605

 

 

 

4,095

 

Total other programs

 

 

11,527

 

 

 

15,600

 

 

 

12,348

 

General and administrative

 

 

43,933

 

 

 

57,850

 

 

 

52,887

 

Loss from operations

 

 

(85,349

)

 

 

(121,691

)

 

 

(137,207

)

Other income (expense):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

 

(7,681

)

 

 

(10,940

)

 

 

(5,148

)

Interest and investment income, net

 

 

9,442

 

 

 

14,770

 

 

 

11,360

 

Change in fair value of Series 1 nonconvertible preferred stock

 

 

39

 

 

 

73

 

 

 

 

Total other income, net

 

 

1,800

 

 

 

3,903

 

 

 

6,212

 

Loss before income taxes

 

 

(83,549

)

 

 

(117,788

)

 

 

(130,995

)

Income tax benefit (expense)

 

 

1,660

 

 

 

1,743

 

 

 

(2,821

)

Net loss

 

$

(81,889

)

 

$

(116,045

)

 

$

(133,816

)

About Segments Disclosures

Segment disclosures break a company into its reportable operating units, revealing revenue, profit, and asset allocation that consolidated financial statements obscure. Under ASC 280, segments must match how the chief operating decision maker views the business, providing a window into internal management structure and resource allocation priorities.

Key signals: compare segment margins to identify which units drive profitability and which destroy value. Watch for changes in the number of reportable segments — segment aggregation or disaggregation often coincides with strategic shifts or attempts to obscure declining performance. Intersegment elimination patterns reveal internal pricing practices. The reconciliation between segment totals and consolidated figures exposes corporate overhead allocation and unallocated items. Geographic revenue concentration highlights regulatory and currency exposure. Compare segment-level capital expenditure against segment revenue to assess where management is investing for future growth versus harvesting existing assets.