Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):
December 31,
2024
December 31,
2023
Research equipment$9,811 $8,588 
Manufacturing equipment39,760 32,472 
Computer and office equipment9,710 9,722 
Leasehold improvements7,012 6,987 
Subtotal
66,293 57,769 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization(25,429)(19,661)
Subtotal40,864 38,108 
Right of use of assets34,171 36,836 
Total property and equipment, net
$75,035 $74,944 

About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.