15. Segment Reporting and Geographic Information

Segment Reporting

The Company has a single reportable segment, brokerage, which is managed on a consolidated basis since the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) assesses performance and allocates resources on a consolidated basis based on income before income taxes and net income as reported on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The Company’s CODM is its Chief Executive Officer and President.

The brokerage segment provides execution, clearing and settlement of trades globally for hedge and mutual funds, ETFs, registered investment advisors, proprietary trading groups, introducing brokers and individual investors. The brokerage segment derives revenue from customers in the U.S. and international markets by routing orders and executing and processing trades in stocks, options, futures, foreign exchange instruments (“forex”), bonds, mutual funds, ETFs, precious metals, and forecast contracts on more than 170 electronic exchanges and market centers in 40 countries and 29 currencies around the world, and by offering custody, prime brokerage, and securities and margin lending services to customers. In addition, brokerage customers can use its trading platform to trade certain cryptocurrencies through third-party cryptocurrency service providers that execute, clear and custody the cryptocurrencies.

Since the brokerage segment is managed on a consolidated basis, no reconciling items exist between segment and the consolidated amounts reported in these financial statements, including total assets and segment assets. The accounting policies of the brokerage segment are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies in Note 2.

The table below presents selected financial information, including significant expenses, for the Company’s single operating segment for the periods indicated.

 

 

Year-Ended December 31,

 

 

2025

 

2024

 

2023

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total net revenues

 

$

6,205

 

$

5,185

 

$

4,340

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Significant Expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  Transaction based fees 1

 

 

335

 

 

364

 

 

308

  Non-transaction based fees 1

 

 

85

 

 

83

 

 

78

  Employee compensation 2

 

 

574

 

 

533

 

 

486

  Advertising 3

 

 

102

 

 

67

 

 

47

  Other expenses 4

 

 

338

 

 

443

 

 

352

      Total non-interest expenses

 

 

1,434

 

 

1,490

 

 

1,271

Income before income taxes

 

 

4,771

 

 

3,695

 

 

3,069

Income tax expense

 

 

414

 

 

288

 

 

257

Net income

 

$

4,357

 

$

3,407

 

$

2,812

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Segment Assets

 

$

203,240

 

$

150,142

 

$

128,251

 

(1)
Reported in “Execution, clearing and distribution fees” in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
(2)
Reported in “Employee compensation and benefits” in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
(3)
Reported in “General and administrative” in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
(4)
Includes “Occupancy, depreciation and amortization”; “Communications”; “Customer bad debt”; employee benefits and other personnel expenses reported in “Employee compensation and benefits”; and professional services, legal and regulatory matters, and other administrative expenses reported in “General and administrative” in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Interest income and expense is disclosed in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Depreciation and amortization expense is disclosed in Note 13 – Property, Equipment and Intangible Assets.

Geographic Information

The Company operates its automated global business in the U.S. and international markets on more than 170 electronic exchanges and market centers. A significant portion of the Company’s net revenues is generated by subsidiaries operating outside the U.S. International operations are conducted in 39 countries in Europe, Asia/Pacific and the Americas (outside the U.S.). The following table presents total net revenues and income before income taxes by geographic area for the periods indicated.

Significant transactions and balances between the operating subsidiaries occur, primarily as a result of certain operating subsidiaries holding exchange or clearing organization memberships, which are utilized to provide execution and clearing services to subsidiaries. Intra-region income and expenses and related balances have been eliminated in this geographic information to reflect the external business conducted in each geographic region. The geographic analysis presented below is based on the location of the subsidiaries in which the transactions are recorded. This geographic information does not reflect the way the Company’s business is managed.

 

 

Year-Ended December 31,

 

 

2025

 

2024

 

2023

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

United States

 

$

4,324

 

$

3,589

 

$

3,028

International

 

 

1,881

 

 

1,596

 

 

1,312

Total net revenues

 

$

6,205

 

$

5,185

 

$

4,340

Income before income taxes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

United States

 

$

3,662

 

$

2,786

 

$

2,316

International

 

 

1,109

 

 

909

 

 

753

Total income before income taxes

 

$

4,771

 

$

3,695

 

$

3,069

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 27, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 27, 2025
2023Feb 27, 2024
2022Feb 24, 2023
2021Feb 25, 2022
2020Mar 1, 2021
2019Feb 28, 2020
2018Feb 28, 2019
2017Mar 1, 2018
2016Feb 28, 2017
2015Feb 29, 2016

About Segments Disclosures

Segment disclosures break a company into its reportable operating units, revealing revenue, profit, and asset allocation that consolidated financial statements obscure. Under ASC 280, segments must match how the chief operating decision maker views the business, providing a window into internal management structure and resource allocation priorities.

Key signals: compare segment margins to identify which units drive profitability and which destroy value. Watch for changes in the number of reportable segments — segment aggregation or disaggregation often coincides with strategic shifts or attempts to obscure declining performance. Intersegment elimination patterns reveal internal pricing practices. The reconciliation between segment totals and consolidated figures exposes corporate overhead allocation and unallocated items. Geographic revenue concentration highlights regulatory and currency exposure. Compare segment-level capital expenditure against segment revenue to assess where management is investing for future growth versus harvesting existing assets.