NOTE 17. INCOME TAX

 

The Company computes income taxes using the asset and liability method in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes. Under the asset and liability method, we determine deferred income tax assets and liabilities based on the differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and measure them using currently enacted tax rates and laws. The Company provides a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets that, based on available evidence, are more likely than not to be realized. Realization of our net operating loss carryforward was not reasonably assured as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, and the Company has recorded a valuation allowance of $12,698,469 and $10,421,568, respectively against deferred tax assets in excess of deferred tax liabilities.

 

The components of net deferred taxes are as follows:

 

 

   June 30, 2025   June 30, 2024 
   Year Ended June 30, 
   June 30, 2025   June 30, 2024 
Deferred tax assets:          
Net operating loss - U.S.  $5,206,430   $4,182,278 
Net operating loss - Foreign   7,293,562    6,090,380 
Operating lease liabilities   18,342    - 
Employee benefits   275,950    118,132 
Inventory adjustments   -    (1,124)
Foreign exchange   (80,599)   31,902 
Deferred tax assets   12,713,685    10,421,568 
Less: valuation allowance   (12,698,469)   (10,421,568)
Deferred tax assets after valuation allowance   15,216    - 
           
Deferred tax liabilities:          
Operating lease right-of-use assets   (15,216)   - 
Deferred tax liabilities   (15,216)   - 
Net deferred tax asset  $-   $- 

 

Our statutory income tax rate is expected to be approximately 21%. The provision for income taxes consisted of the following:

 

   2025   2024 
   Year Ended June 30, 
   2025   2024 
Current  $     -   $       - 
Deferred   -    - 
Total  $-   $- 

 

A reconciliation of statutory tax rates to effective tax rates were as follows in each of the periods presented:

 

   2025   2024 
   Year Ended June 30, 
   2025   2024 
Federal income taxes at statutory rate   21.0%   21.0%
Different tax rate of subsidiary   0.8%   1.1%
Permanent differences   (4.2)%   (2.8)%
Cumulative adjustment to deferred taxes   4.2%   (9.1)%

Return to provision

   

(0.7)

%   

0.0

%
Change in state tax rates and other   0.4%   (0.2)%
Change in valuation allowance   (21.5)%   (10.0)%
Effective tax rate   -%   -%

 

 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect the net tax effects of (a) temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes and (b) operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows for each of the dates presented:

 

 

   2025   2024 
   Year Ended June 30, 
   2025   2024 
U.S. federal statutory rate applies to pretax income (loss)  $(2,227,026)  $(1,848,116)
Different tax rate of subsidiary   (82,675)   (99,401)
Permanent differences   444,887    246,168 
Cumulative adjustment to deferred taxes   (444,694)   797,234 

Return to provision

   

74,111

    

-

 
Change in state tax rates and other   (41,504)   13,250 
Change in valuation allowance   

2,276,901

    890,865 
Total income tax provision (benefit)  $-   $- 

 

As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, the company had federal and foreign income tax net operating loss carry forwards of $59,006,727 and $49,097,053, respectively, which expire at various dates ranging from 2038 through unlimited expiration.

 

About Income Taxes Disclosures

The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.

Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.