MGE ENERGY INC Fair Value Disclosure
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or would be paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The accounting standard clarifies that fair value should be based on the assumptions market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability including assumptions about risk. The standard also establishes a
three-level fair value hierarchy based upon the observability of the assumptions used and requires the use of observable market data when available. The levels are:
Level 1 - Pricing inputs are quoted prices within active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 - Pricing inputs are quoted prices within active markets for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations that are correlated with or otherwise verifiable by observable market data.
Level 3 - Pricing inputs are unobservable and reflect management's best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.
The carrying amount of cash, cash equivalents, and outstanding commercial paper approximates fair market value due to the short maturity of those investments and obligations. The estimated fair market value of long-term debt is based on quoted market prices for similar financial instruments. Since long-term debt is not traded in an active market, it is classified as Level 2. The estimated fair market value of financial instruments are as follows:
|
|
December 31, 2025 |
|
|
December 31, 2024 |
|
||||||||||
(In thousands) |
|
Carrying Amount |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Carrying Amount |
|
|
Fair |
|
||||
Long-term debt(a) |
|
$ |
818,115 |
|
|
$ |
768,889 |
|
|
$ |
773,400 |
|
|
$ |
698,765 |
|
The following table presents the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for both MGE and MGE Energy.
|
|
Fair Value as of December 31, 2025 |
|
|||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
|
Total |
|
|
Level 1 |
|
|
Level 2 |
|
|
Level 3 |
|
||||
Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Derivatives, net(a) |
|
$ |
1,151 |
|
|
$ |
568 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
583 |
|
Liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Derivatives, net(a) |
|
$ |
2,565 |
|
|
$ |
1,331 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
1,234 |
|
Deferred compensation |
|
|
7,172 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
7,172 |
|
|
|
— |
|
Total Liabilities |
|
$ |
9,737 |
|
|
$ |
1,331 |
|
|
$ |
7,172 |
|
|
$ |
1,234 |
|
|
|
Fair Value as of December 31, 2024 |
|
|||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
|
Total |
|
|
Level 1 |
|
|
Level 2 |
|
|
Level 3 |
|
||||
Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Derivatives, net(a) |
|
$ |
1,321 |
|
|
$ |
987 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
334 |
|
Liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Derivatives, net(a) |
|
$ |
1,261 |
|
|
$ |
480 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
781 |
|
Deferred compensation |
|
|
6,468 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
6,468 |
|
|
|
— |
|
Total Liabilities |
|
$ |
7,729 |
|
|
$ |
480 |
|
|
$ |
6,468 |
|
|
$ |
781 |
|
Exchange-traded Investments. Investments include exchange-traded investment securities valued using quoted prices on active exchanges and are therefore classified as Level 1.
Deferred Compensation. The deferred compensation plans allow participants to defer certain cash compensation into notional investment accounts. These amounts are included within "Other deferred liabilities and other" in the consolidated balance sheets. The value of certain deferred compensation obligations is based on the market value of the participants' notional investment accounts. The underlying notional investments are comprised primarily of equities,
mutual funds, and fixed income securities that are based on directly and indirectly observable market prices. Since the deferred compensation obligations themselves are not exchanged in an active market, they are classified as Level 2.
The value of legacy deferred compensation obligations is based on notional investments that earn interest based upon the semiannual rate of U.S. Treasury Bills having a 26-week maturity increased by 1% compounded monthly with a minimum annual rate of 7%, compounded monthly. The notional investments are based upon observable market data, however, since the deferred compensation obligations themselves are not exchanged in an active market, they are classified as Level 2.
Derivatives. Derivatives include exchange-traded derivative contracts, over-the-counter transactions, and FTRs. Most exchange-traded derivative contracts are valued based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets and are therefore classified as Level 1. A small number of exchange-traded derivative contracts are valued using quoted market pricing in markets with insufficient volumes and are therefore considered unobservable and classified as Level 3. Transactions done with an over-the-counter party are on inactive markets and are therefore classified as Level 3. These transactions are valued based on quoted prices from markets with similar exchange-traded transactions. FTRs are priced based upon monthly auction results for identical or similar instruments in a closed market with limited data available and are therefore classified as Level 3.
The following table summarizes the changes in Level 3 commodity derivative assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
(In thousands) |
|
2025 |
|
|
2024 |
|
|
2023 |
|
|||
Realized and unrealized gains (losses): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Included in regulatory assets |
|
$ |
(205 |
) |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
(1,738 |
) |
Included in regulatory liability |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
2,159 |
|
|
|
— |
|
Included in earnings |
|
|
(1,602 |
) |
|
|
(6,209 |
) |
|
|
(9,211 |
) |
Settlements |
|
|
1,603 |
|
|
|
6,207 |
|
|
|
9,211 |
|
The following table presents total realized and unrealized losses included in income for Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis(b).
(In thousands) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Year Ended December 31, |
|
2025 |
|
|
2024 |
|
|
2023 |
|
|||
|
$ |
(1,602 |
) |
|
$ |
(6,209 |
) |
|
$ |
(9,211 |
) |
|
Historical Timeline
| Fiscal Year | Filed | |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Feb 24, 2026 | Showing above |
| 2024 | Feb 25, 2025 | |
| 2023 | Feb 21, 2024 | |
| 2022 | Feb 22, 2023 | |
| 2021 | Feb 23, 2022 | |
| 2020 | Feb 24, 2021 | |
| 2019 | Feb 27, 2020 | |
| 2018 | Feb 22, 2019 | |
| 2017 | Feb 23, 2018 | |
| 2016 | Feb 24, 2017 | |
| 2015 | Feb 25, 2016 | |
About Fair Value Disclosures
Fair value disclosures classify all assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy: Level 1 (quoted market prices), Level 2 (observable inputs like yield curves), and Level 3 (unobservable inputs requiring management estimates). The proportion of Level 3 assets directly reflects how much of the balance sheet depends on internal models rather than market evidence.
Key signals: a growing Level 3 balance relative to total fair-value assets increases valuation uncertainty and earnings volatility risk. Watch for transfers between levels — assets moving from Level 2 to Level 3 often signal deteriorating market liquidity. Unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 positions flow through earnings or other comprehensive income, so large swings deserve scrutiny. For financial institutions, examine the sensitivity disclosures that show how Level 3 valuations change under alternative assumptions. Compare the fair value of debt against its carrying amount to gauge hidden leverage.