Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following at October 31, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands):
 October 31,
 20252024
Land and land improvements$21,725 $99,068 
Buildings and building improvements194,034 186,087 
Machinery and equipment548,623 462,628 
Construction in progress62,018 46,534 
Property, plant and equipment, gross826,400 794,317 
Less: Accumulated depreciation414,809 391,851 
Property, plant and equipment, net$411,591 $402,466 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Dec 12, 2025Showing above
2024Dec 16, 2024
2023Dec 15, 2023
2022Dec 16, 2022
2021Dec 17, 2021
2020Dec 11, 2020
2019Dec 12, 2019
2018Dec 11, 2018
2017Dec 12, 2017
2016Dec 16, 2016
2015Dec 15, 2015

About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.