When assets are sold, or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is included in operating income or expense.
AssetEstimated Useful Life
Lab and office equipment
4 - 7 years
Computer hardware
3 - 5 years
Leasehold improvementsShorter of the useful life or remaining lease term
Computer software
Shorter of 3 years or useful life of asset
Property and equipment, net, consisted of the following as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:
December 31,
(in thousands)20242023
Leasehold improvements$17,745 $16,077 
Lab and office equipment9,785 9,452 
Computer hardware and software
760 754 
Construction in progress103 842 
Property and equipment, at cost28,393 27,125 
Less accumulated depreciation
(12,901)(8,876)
Total property and equipment, net$15,492 $18,249 

About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.