Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation expense is recognized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of each asset as follows:
Asset Class
Estimated Useful Life
Laboratory equipment5 years
Furniture and fixtures5 years
Computer hardware and software
3 years
Leasehold improvementsShorter of remaining lease term or useful life
Property and equipment, net consisted of the following:
December 31,
(in thousands)20242023
Property and equipment:
Laboratory equipment$27,343 $23,873 
Leasehold improvement5,136 579 
Furniture and fixture1,075 278 
Computer hardware and software869 11 
Construction in progress3,578 5,402 
Total property and equipment38,001 30,143 
Less: Accumulated depreciation(13,597)(7,484)
Total property and equipment, net$24,404 $22,659 
Depreciation expense related to property and equipment is as follows:
Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)20242023
Depreciation expense$6,128 $4,653 
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About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.