Property, Plant and Equipment (in millions)
September 28,
2025
September 29,
2024
Land$168 $169 
Buildings and improvements1,915 1,888 
Computer equipment and software2,165 2,022 
Machinery and equipment9,360 8,647 
Furniture and office equipment148 139 
Leasehold improvements594 550 
Construction in progress154 126 
14,504 13,541 
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization(9,814)(8,876)
$4,690 $4,665 

About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.