4. Fair Value Measurements

Financial instruments reported at fair value on a recurring basis include cash equivalents and marketable securities. The following tables present the fair value of cash equivalents and marketable securities in accordance with the fair value hierarchy discussed in Note 2 (in thousands):

 

 

 

Level 1

 

 

Level 2

 

 

Level 3

 

 

Total

 

December 31, 2024

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash equivalents:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market mutual funds

 

$

 

 

$

43,895

 

 

$

 

 

$

43,895

 

U.S. government and agency securities

 

 

 

 

 

2,498

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,498

 

Total cash equivalents

 

 

 

 

 

46,393

 

 

 

 

 

 

46,393

 

Marketable securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. government and agency securities

 

 

 

 

 

44,215

 

 

 

 

 

 

44,215

 

Certificates of deposit

 

 

 

 

 

1,462

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,462

 

Corporate bonds

 

 

 

 

 

141,663

 

 

 

 

 

 

141,663

 

Total marketable securities

 

 

 

 

 

187,340

 

 

 

 

 

 

187,340

 

Total cash equivalents and marketable securities

 

$

 

 

$

233,733

 

 

$

 

 

$

233,733

 

 

 

 

Level 1

 

 

Level 2

 

 

Level 3

 

 

Total

 

December 31, 2023

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash equivalents:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market mutual funds

 

$

 

 

$

13,024

 

 

$

 

 

$

13,024

 

Total cash equivalents

 

 

 

 

 

13,024

 

 

 

 

 

 

13,024

 

Marketable securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. government and agency securities

 

 

 

 

 

70,569

 

 

 

 

 

 

70,569

 

Certificates of deposit

 

 

 

 

 

6,466

 

 

 

 

 

 

6,466

 

Corporate bonds

 

 

 

 

 

202,572

 

 

 

 

 

 

202,572

 

Total marketable securities

 

 

 

 

 

279,607

 

 

 

 

 

 

279,607

 

Total cash equivalents and marketable securities

 

$

 

 

$

292,631

 

 

$

 

 

$

292,631

 

 

Management estimates that the carrying values of its current accounts receivable, other current assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of those instruments. Accounts receivable which contain non-current portions and certain non-current payables reported as other liabilities are recorded at their present values using a discount rate that is based on prevailing market rates on the date the amounts were initially recorded. Management does not believe there have been any significant changes in market conditions or credit quality that would cause the discount rates initially used to be materially different from those that would be used as of December 31, 2024 to determine the present value of these instruments. Accordingly, management estimates that the carrying values of its non-current accounts receivable and other liabilities approximate the fair value of those instruments. Management estimates that the carrying value of the liability related to the sale of future royalties approximates fair value. As discussed in Note 7, the carrying value of the liability related to the sale of future royalties is based on the Company’s estimate of future royalties expected to be paid by the Company over the life of the arrangement, which are considered Level 3 inputs.

Long-lived assets, if determined to be impaired, are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis using Level 3 inputs. Please refer to Note 6 for further information on nonrecurring fair value measurements of long-lived assets during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.

Non-marketable Equity Securities

Non-marketable equity securities are measured at cost less impairment, adjusted for observable price changes for identical or similar investments of the same issuer. The Company did not hold any non-marketable equity securities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. No remeasurements or impairment losses were recorded on non-marketable equity securities during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.

Prior to the acquisition of Corlieve Therapeutics SAS (Corlieve) by uniQure N.V. (uniQure) in July 2021, the Company held non-marketable equity securities of Corlieve which were originally acquired by the Company in June 2020 as consideration under a license and collaboration agreement with Corlieve. In connection with the acquisition of Corlieve by uniQure in July 2021, the Company received proceeds of €5.3 million ($6.1 million) from uniQure in exchange for its ownership interest in Corlieve, of which $5.6 million was received upon the closing of the acquisition and $0.5 million was received in August 2022 upon the expiration of a hold back period. As additional consideration, the Company became eligible to receive payments of up to €37.1 million from uniQure contingent upon the achievement of various development and regulatory milestones. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company received €5.6 million and €1.9 million, respectively, in milestone payments from uniQure and recognized investment income of $6.6 million and $2.2 million, respectively, related to the achievement of the milestones during the period. As of December 31, 2024, there were €29.7 million ($31.0 million as of December 31, 2024) in remaining milestones which have not been paid or achieved and have not been recognized in the consolidated financial statements. Proceeds contingent upon the achievement of the remaining milestones will be recognized as investment income in the period in which any uncertainty regarding realization is substantially resolved, which may not occur until the achievement of the underlying milestones. It is at least reasonably possible that some or all of the proceeds contingent upon these milestones will not be realized by the Company.

About Fair Value Disclosures

Fair value disclosures classify all assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy: Level 1 (quoted market prices), Level 2 (observable inputs like yield curves), and Level 3 (unobservable inputs requiring management estimates). The proportion of Level 3 assets directly reflects how much of the balance sheet depends on internal models rather than market evidence.

Key signals: a growing Level 3 balance relative to total fair-value assets increases valuation uncertainty and earnings volatility risk. Watch for transfers between levels — assets moving from Level 2 to Level 3 often signal deteriorating market liquidity. Unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 positions flow through earnings or other comprehensive income, so large swings deserve scrutiny. For financial institutions, examine the sensitivity disclosures that show how Level 3 valuations change under alternative assumptions. Compare the fair value of debt against its carrying amount to gauge hidden leverage.