Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):
December 31,December 31,
20242023
Manufacturing and laboratory equipment$14,457 $13,750 
Computer hardware and software1,847 1,960 
Office furniture and fixtures638 589 
Leasehold improvements9,178 8,551 
Construction-in-process1,594 2,292 
27,714 27,142 
Less: Accumulated depreciation(16,521)(14,310)
$11,193 $12,832 

About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.