Property and equipment, net consisted of the following at December 31, 2025 and 2024:
(in thousands)20252024
Machinery and equipment$2,098 $1,794 
Construction in progress - machinery and equipment393 — 
Furniture and fixtures96 63 
Computers and hardware108 133 
Software99 99 
Leasehold improvements622 622 
Construction in progress - leasehold improvements37 — 
Property and equipment, gross3,453 2,711 
Less: accumulated depreciation(1,114)(543)
Property and equipment, net$2,339 $2,168 
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was $0.6 million and $0.3 million respectively, and was allocated as follows:
(in thousands)20252024
Research and development$543 $173 
General and administrative69 98 
Depreciation expense$612 $271 

About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.