GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill were as follows:
Dispensing and Specialty ClosuresMetal
Containers
Custom
Containers
Total
 (Dollars in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2023
$1,670,972 $120,499 $226,770 $2,018,241 
Acquisition379,649 — — 379,649 
Currency translation(76,883)(3,557)(1,419)(81,859)
Balance at December 31, 2024
1,973,738 116,942 225,351 2,316,031 
Acquisition13,456 — — 13,456 
Currency translation149,272 7,150 769 157,191 
Balance at December 31, 2025
$2,136,466 $124,092 $226,120 $2,486,678 
The components of other intangible assets, net at December 31 were as follows:
 20252024
 Gross
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Gross
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
 (Dollars in thousands)
Definite-lived intangibles:
Customer relationships$1,159,220 $(366,349)$1,059,991 $(299,917)
Other151,018 (75,946)138,311 (61,057)
1,310,238 (442,295)1,198,302 (360,974)
Indefinite-lived intangibles:
Trade names32,140 — 32,140 — 
$1,342,378 $(442,295)$1,230,442 $(360,974)
Amortization expense in 2025, 2024 and 2023 was $64.6 million, $52.6 million and $53.1 million, respectively. Amortization expense is expected to be $64.0 million, $63.2 million, $60.9 million, $59.2 million and $57.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2026 through 2030, respectively.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 26, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 27, 2025
2023Feb 29, 2024

About Goodwill & Intangibles Disclosures

Goodwill and intangible asset disclosures reveal the premium paid in acquisitions and how management assesses whether that premium retains its value. Since goodwill is no longer amortized under US GAAP, the annual impairment test is the only mechanism that adjusts carrying values downward — making the assumptions behind that test critically important for investors.

Key signals: a history of goodwill impairments suggests management consistently overpays for acquisitions. Watch the gap between reporting unit fair value and carrying amount — when fair value exceeds carrying amount by less than 10-20%, a small decline in business performance could trigger a write-down. For finite-lived intangibles, examine useful life assumptions across customer relationships, technology, and trade names; aggressive estimates inflate near-term earnings. Compare total intangibles-to-total-assets ratios against peers to assess acquisition dependency. Rising goodwill as a percentage of equity can signal balance sheet fragility.