Estimated useful lives and residual values for the Company’s property and equipment are as follows:
Estimated Useful LifeResidual Value
Aircraft and spare engines
25 years
10%
Flight equipment leasehold improvementsLesser of lease term or economic life0%
Aircraft rotable partsFleet life10%
Ground property and equipment
3 – 10 years
0%
Ground equipment leasehold improvements
Lesser of lease term or 10 years
0%
Internal-use software
3 – 10 years
0%
Capitalized maintenanceLesser of lease term or economic life0%
Buildings
Lesser of 40 years or economic life
10%
The components of depreciation and amortization expense are as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202520242023
Depreciation$91 $71 $50 
Intangible amortization— — 
Total depreciation and amortization$91 $72 $50 
The components of property and equipment, net are as follows (in millions):
December 31,
20252024
Flight equipment$652 $461 
Ground and other equipment191 167 
Less: accumulated depreciation(333)(252)
Total property and equipment, net$510 $376 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 18, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 18, 2025
2023Feb 20, 2024
2022Feb 22, 2023
2021Feb 23, 2022

About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.