Intangible Assets
Intangible assets consisted of the following:

December 31, 2025December 31, 2024
(In millions)Estimated Useful Life Estimated Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (years)Gross IntangiblesAccumulated AmortizationNet IntangiblesGross IntangiblesAccumulated AmortizationNet Intangibles
Definite-Lived:
Customer related
8-16 years
1581 (13)68 43 (9)34 
Capitalized software development
5-10 years
464 (39)25 55 (31)24 
Tradename
10-20 years
16(1)— 
Other
2-32 years
1126 (17)26 (15)11 
Subtotal179 (70)109 126 (55)71 
Indefinite-Lived:
Goodwill113 — 113 81 — 81 
Total $292 $(70)$222 $207 $(55)$152 
The Company also owns developed technology assets which have a net balance of less than $1 million as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Capitalized software development consists of software development costs intended for integration into customer products.

Goodwill as of December 31, 2025 consisted of the following:

(In millions)
December 31, 2022$45 
Foreign currency(1)
December 31, 2023$44 
Additions39 
Foreign currency(2)
December 31, 2024$81 
Additions31
Acquisition fair value adjustment(5)
Foreign currency6
December 31, 2025$113 

The Company recorded amortization expense of approximately $15 million, $12 million, and $19 million for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively, related to definite-lived intangible assets.
The Company currently estimates annual amortization expense to be as follows:
(In millions)
2026$17 
202714 
2028
2029
2030

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 19, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 18, 2025
2023Feb 20, 2024
2022Feb 16, 2023
2021Feb 17, 2022
2020Feb 18, 2021
2019Feb 20, 2020
2018Feb 21, 2019
2017Feb 22, 2018
2016Feb 23, 2017
2015Feb 25, 2016

About Goodwill & Intangibles Disclosures

Goodwill and intangible asset disclosures reveal the premium paid in acquisitions and how management assesses whether that premium retains its value. Since goodwill is no longer amortized under US GAAP, the annual impairment test is the only mechanism that adjusts carrying values downward — making the assumptions behind that test critically important for investors.

Key signals: a history of goodwill impairments suggests management consistently overpays for acquisitions. Watch the gap between reporting unit fair value and carrying amount — when fair value exceeds carrying amount by less than 10-20%, a small decline in business performance could trigger a write-down. For finite-lived intangibles, examine useful life assumptions across customer relationships, technology, and trade names; aggressive estimates inflate near-term earnings. Compare total intangibles-to-total-assets ratios against peers to assess acquisition dependency. Rising goodwill as a percentage of equity can signal balance sheet fragility.