The lives used in computing depreciation for significant asset classes are as follows:
Asset
Range of Useful
Lives, in Years
Land improvements
10 to 30
Buildings and improvements
1 to 30
Machinery and equipment
1 to 30
Furniture and fixtures
3 to 10
Right-of-use (“ROU”) finance leases
2 to 18
Other
5 to 30
Property, plant, and equipment, net consisted of the following:
December 31,
(in millions)20252024
Machinery and equipment$4,480 $4,403 
Buildings and improvements153 148 
ROU finance leases123 106 
Land and improvements75 74 
Furniture and fixtures30 32 
Construction in progress215 171 
Other15 16 
5,091 4,950 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization
(3,041)(2,774)
Total property, plant and equipment, net$2,050 $2,176 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 18, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 19, 2025
2023Feb 21, 2024
2017Feb 26, 2018
2016Feb 21, 2017
2015Feb 19, 2016

About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.