Property and equipment consists of the following:
As of
Estimated useful lives (Years)December 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Owned Assets:
Network equipment and computers
3-5
$189,459 $167,525 
Software
2-5
81,340 105,874 
Leasehold improvements
3-8
53,299 45,819 
Office furniture and equipment
3-8
27,139 23,898 
Motor vehicles
2-5
650 635 
Buildings
30
885 929 
Land579 608 
Capital work in progress10,680 7,504 
364,031 352,792 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization(254,243)(252,667)
$109,788 $100,125 
ROU assets under finance leases:
Network equipment and computers49 56 
Leasehold improvements410 587 
Office furniture and equipment124 417 
Motor vehicles2,944 2,208 
3,527 3,268 
Less: Accumulated amortization(1,494)(1,556)
$2,033 $1,712 
Property and equipment, net$111,821 $101,837 
The depreciation and amortization expense, excluding amortization of acquisition-related intangibles, recognized in the consolidated statements of income was as follows:
Year ended December 31,
202520242023
Depreciation and amortization expense$45,944 $41,589 $35,812 
Internally developed software costs included in property and equipment were as follows:
As of
December 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Cost$59,391 $60,447 
Less : Accumulated amortization(39,332)(38,243)
Internally developed software, net$20,059 $22,204 
The amortization expense on internally developed software recognized in the consolidated statements of income was as follows:
Year ended December 31,
202520242023
Amortization expense$13,403 $12,849 $9,282 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 24, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 25, 2025
2023Feb 29, 2024
2022Feb 23, 2023
2021Feb 24, 2022
2020Feb 25, 2021
2019Feb 27, 2020
2018Feb 28, 2019
2017Feb 27, 2018
2016Mar 15, 2017

About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.