Note 17 — Fair value measurement

 

The Company did not have any assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2024. The following table provides information related to the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2025 and September 26, 2024 (issuance date): 

 

June 30, 2025   Carrying
Value
    Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets
(Level 1)
    Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
    Significant
Other
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Liabilities:                        
Earnout liabilities   $      -     $                -     $                -     $    -  
Total   $         -     $       -     $       -     $      -  

 

September 26, 2024 (issuance date)   Carrying
Value
    Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets
(Level 1)
    Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
    Significant
Other
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Liabilities:                        
Earnout liabilities   $ 5,688,007     $                -     $                -     $ 5,688,007  
Total   $ 5,688,007     $ -     $ -     $ 5,688,007  

 

The earnouts based on revenue have been classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy as the fair value is derived using a Monte Carlo simulation analysis in a risk neutral framework, which uses a combination of observable (Level 2) and unobservable (Level 3) inputs. Key estimates and assumptions impacting the fair value measurement include the Company’s revenue forecasts as well as the assumptions listed in tables below. The fair value measurement associated with the earnout liability is highly sensitive to changes in stock price and forecasted amounts for revenue through June 30, 2025. Any changes to stock price and forecasted revenues through June 30, 2025 will result in remeasurement of the earnout liability and could result in material gains or losses being recognized in the statement of operations.

 

The Company estimated the fair value per share of the underlying common stock based, in part, on the results of third-party valuations and additional factors deemed relevant. The risk-free interest rate was determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve for time periods approximately equal to the remaining contractual term of the earnouts.

 

Prior to the Business Combination, the Company was a private company and lacked company-specific historical and implied volatility information of its stock, and as such, the expected revenue volatility was based on historical volatility of industry outlook and the expected revenue volatility and stock volatility was based on the historical volatility of publicly traded peer companies for a term equal to the remaining expected term of the earnout period.

 

The following table presents the observable and unobservable inputs of the earnout liability for earnout shares based on revenue targets as of September 26, 2024 (issuance date):

 

          September 26,
2024
 
Inputs   Input Method     Input Value  
Simulated forecast of base monthly revenue   Unobservable     $ 7.4 million  
Industry revenue growth   Unobservable       1.7 %
Revenue volatility   Unobservable       30.5 %
Stock volatility   Unobservable       103.2 %
Stock price   Observable     $ 11.20  
Risk-free rate   Observable       4.16 %
Term   Observable       0.76 Years  

 

          June 30,
2025
 
Inputs   Input Method     Input Value  
Actual revenue   Unobservable     $ 5.5 million  
Term   Observable       0.00 Years  

The following table summarizes the activity for the Company’s Level 3 instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

 

   Earnout
Liabilities
 
Balance as of June 30, 2024  $    - 
Issuances – September 26, 2024  5,688,007 
Change in fair value  (5,688,007)
Balance as of June 30, 2025  $- 

About Fair Value Disclosures

Fair value disclosures classify all assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy: Level 1 (quoted market prices), Level 2 (observable inputs like yield curves), and Level 3 (unobservable inputs requiring management estimates). The proportion of Level 3 assets directly reflects how much of the balance sheet depends on internal models rather than market evidence.

Key signals: a growing Level 3 balance relative to total fair-value assets increases valuation uncertainty and earnings volatility risk. Watch for transfers between levels — assets moving from Level 2 to Level 3 often signal deteriorating market liquidity. Unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 positions flow through earnings or other comprehensive income, so large swings deserve scrutiny. For financial institutions, examine the sensitivity disclosures that show how Level 3 valuations change under alternative assumptions. Compare the fair value of debt against its carrying amount to gauge hidden leverage.