Asset ClassEstimated Useful
Lives
Plant infrastructure10 years
Miners3 years
Miner facility infrastructure10 years
Equipment5 years
Software3 years
Property and equipment, net consisted of the following:
$ in thousandsEstimated Useful
Lives
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Plant infrastructure10 years$1,522 $1,367 
Miners3 years36,182 32,195 
Miner facility infrastructure10 years13,227 8,154 
LandN/A1,952 7,679 
Equipment5 years45 45 
Construction in processN/A1,834 6,229 
54,762 55,669 
Less: Accumulated depreciation(24,463)(10,574)
$30,299 $45,095 

About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.