Property, plant, and equipment, net
In thousandsDecember 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Machinery and equipment
$310,271 $294,237 
Computers and software
123,339 119,818 
Buildings, furniture, and improvements
107,254 115,372 
Land
9,654 8,513 
Construction in progress, including purchased equipment
19,226 22,247 
Total cost
569,744 560,187 
Accumulated depreciation
(457,551)(444,759)
Property, plant, and equipment, net
$112,193 $115,428 

About PP&E Disclosures

The PP&E disclosure details a company's physical asset base — land, buildings, machinery, and equipment — along with the depreciation methods and useful life assumptions that determine how these costs flow through the income statement. Capitalization policy thresholds reveal management's judgment on the boundary between expense and asset, directly affecting both reported earnings and asset values.

Key signals: changes in estimated useful lives or depreciation methods can materially shift reported earnings without any operational change. Compare capital expenditures against depreciation expense — when capex consistently trails depreciation, the asset base may be aging and underinvested. Watch for large asset impairments or write-downs that signal overvalued carrying amounts. Asset retirement obligations reveal future environmental or decommissioning costs that are often underappreciated. Compare PP&E intensity (PP&E-to-revenue) against industry peers to assess capital efficiency and competitive positioning.