4. Fair Value

The following table summarizes the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and their respective input levels based on the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):

 

 

 

December 31, 2025

 

 

 

Level 1

 

 

Level 2

 

 

Level 3

 

 

Total

 

Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash equivalents:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market fund

 

$

17,299

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

17,299

 

U.S. government debt and agency
   securities

 

 

 

 

 

2,541

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,541

 

Commercial paper

 

 

 

 

 

32,314

 

 

 

 

 

 

32,314

 

Total cash equivalents

 

 

17,299

 

 

 

34,855

 

 

 

 

 

 

52,154

 

Short-term investments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial paper

 

 

 

 

 

5,209

 

 

 

 

 

 

5,209

 

U.S. government debt and agency
   securities

 

 

 

 

 

13,846

 

 

 

 

 

 

13,846

 

Total short-term investments

 

 

 

 

 

19,055

 

 

 

 

 

 

19,055

 

Total assets subject to fair value
   measurements on a recurring basis

 

$

17,299

 

 

$

53,910

 

 

$

 

 

$

71,209

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sermonix Pre-Funded Warrant

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

37,488

 

 

 

37,488

 

Milestone Liability

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15,116

 

 

 

15,116

 

Total liabilities subject to fair value
   measurements on a recurring basis

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

52,604

 

 

$

52,604

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2024

 

 

 

Level 1

 

 

Level 2

 

 

Level 3

 

 

Total

 

Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash equivalents:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market fund

 

$

30

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

30

 

U.S. government debt and agency
   securities

 

 

 

 

 

10,299

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,299

 

Commercial paper

 

 

 

 

 

19,393

 

 

 

 

 

 

19,393

 

Total cash equivalents

 

 

30

 

 

 

29,692

 

 

 

 

 

 

29,722

 

Short-term investments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial paper

 

 

 

 

 

1,445

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,445

 

U.S. government debt and agency
   securities

 

 

 

 

 

1,392

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,392

 

Total short-term investments

 

$

 

 

 

2,837

 

 

$

 

 

$

2,837

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total assets subject to fair value
   measurements on a recurring basis

 

$

30

 

 

$

32,529

 

 

$

 

 

$

32,559

 

U.S government debt and agency securities and commercial paper are classified as Level 2 as they were valued based upon quoted market prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant inputs are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets.

The fair value of the Sermonix Pre-Funded Warrant (see Note 3) was determined based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock, adjusted for a discount for lack of marketability, and was classified as Level 3 due to the use of unobservable market data for identical or similar liabilities. The fair value of the Milestone Liability was determined based on the probability weighted present value of the net milestone payment and was classified as Level 3 due to the use of unobservable market data for identical or similar liabilities. The key inputs into the fair value of the Sermonix Pre-Funded Warrant and Milestone Liability at issuance and at December 31, 2025 were as follows:

 

 

 

Sermonix Pre-Funded Warrant

 

 

 

December 31, 2025

 

 

December 18, 2025

 

Fair Value of Common Stock

 

$

7.57

 

 

$

6.72

 

Volatility

 

 

97.0

%

 

 

97.0

%

Risk-free rate

 

 

3.7

%

 

 

3.6

%

Dividend Yield

 

 

0.0

%

 

 

0.0

%

Holding period years

 

 

0.20

 

 

 

0.30

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Milestone Liability

 

 

 

December 31, 2025

 

 

December 18, 2025

 

Weighted Average Cost of Capital

 

 

11.0

%

 

 

11.00

%

Probability

 

 

43.9

%

 

 

43.9

%

 

There were no transfers of financial instruments between Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3.

The following table sets forth a summary of the changes in the fair value of the Sermonix Pre-Funded Warrant and Milestone Liability for the year ended December 31, 2025 (in thousands):

 

 

 

Sermonix Pre-Funded Warrant

 

 

Milestone Liability

 

December 31, 2024

 

$

 

 

$

 

Issuance

 

 

32,909

 

 

 

15,116

 

Change in fair value

 

 

4,579

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2025

 

 

37,488

 

 

 

15,116

 

The fair value of the Level 3 liabilities may change significantly as additional data is obtained. In evaluating this information, considerable judgment is required to interpret the data used to develop the assumptions and estimates. Accordingly, the use of different market assumptions and/or different valuation techniques may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts, and such changes could materially impact the Company’s results of operations in future periods.

The following tables reflect the Company’s financial asset balances measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):

 

 

 

December 31, 2025

 

 

 

Level

 

Amortized
Cost

 

 

Unrealized
Gains

 

 

Unrealized
Losses

 

 

Fair
Value

 

Cash equivalents:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market fund

 

1

 

$

17,299

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

17,299

 

U.S. government debt and agency
   securities

 

2

 

 

2,541

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,541

 

Commercial paper

 

2

 

 

32,319

 

 

 

 

 

 

(5

)

 

 

32,314

 

Total cash equivalents

 

 

 

$

52,159

 

 

$

 

 

$

(5

)

 

$

52,154

 

Short-term investments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial paper

 

2

 

 

5,210

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1

)

 

 

5,209

 

U.S. government debt and agency
   securities

 

2

 

 

13,844

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

13,846

 

Total short-term investments

 

 

 

$

19,054

 

 

$

2

 

 

$

(1

)

 

$

19,055

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2024

 

 

 

Level

 

Amortized
Cost

 

 

Unrealized
Gains

 

 

Unrealized
Losses

 

 

Fair
Value

 

Cash equivalents:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market fund

 

1

 

$

30

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

30

 

U.S. government debt and agency
   securities

 

2

 

 

10,297

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,299

 

Commercial paper

 

2

 

 

19,394

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1

)

 

 

19,393

 

Total cash equivalents

 

 

 

$

29,721

 

 

$

2

 

 

$

(1

)

 

$

29,722

 

Short-term investments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial paper

 

2

 

 

1,445

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,445

 

U.S. government debt and agency
   securities

 

2

 

 

1,392

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,392

 

Total short-term investments

 

 

 

$

2,837

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

2,837

 

 

All the commercial paper and U.S. government debt and agency securities designated as short-term investments have an effective maturity date that is equal to or less than one year from the respective balance sheet date.

As of December 31, 2025, the Company does not intend to sell any securities in unrealized loss positions, and it is not more-likely-than-not that the Company will be required to sell such securities prior to the recovery of the amortized cost basis. Based on the Company's assessment, the Company concluded all impairments as of December 31, 2025 to be due to factors other than credit loss, such as changes in interest rates. A credit loss allowance was not recognized and the unrealized losses for available-for-sale securities were recorded in other comprehensive loss

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Mar 31, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 27, 2025
2023Feb 22, 2024
2022Mar 23, 2023
2021Mar 28, 2022
2020Mar 25, 2021

About Fair Value Disclosures

Fair value disclosures classify all assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy: Level 1 (quoted market prices), Level 2 (observable inputs like yield curves), and Level 3 (unobservable inputs requiring management estimates). The proportion of Level 3 assets directly reflects how much of the balance sheet depends on internal models rather than market evidence.

Key signals: a growing Level 3 balance relative to total fair-value assets increases valuation uncertainty and earnings volatility risk. Watch for transfers between levels — assets moving from Level 2 to Level 3 often signal deteriorating market liquidity. Unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 positions flow through earnings or other comprehensive income, so large swings deserve scrutiny. For financial institutions, examine the sensitivity disclosures that show how Level 3 valuations change under alternative assumptions. Compare the fair value of debt against its carrying amount to gauge hidden leverage.